In 1948, the port of Liverpool
was probably the
pioneer of European VTS, when they set up a radar station, in
order to facilitate
the boarding of pilots from the cutter. In 1951, Long Beach in California
established a radar and VHF to facilitate port operations. Le
Havre established
another system and so, gradually, other ports followed. At this time commercial
radar was comparatively new, and made it possible for the first time, under
almost all weather conditions, to observe vessel traffic from the shore.
In
combination with VHF radio, a traffic surveillance system was
achieved and real-
time information exchange between the shore and ships became possible.
Nevertheless, it was not until 1985 that the role of VTS in connection
with
navigation safety, traffic efficiency and environmental protection gained
international recognition. This recognition is contained in an IMO resolution,
which constitutes the VTS guidelines.