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This chapter begins a five-chapter mathematical introduction to quantum field theory, appropriate for upper-level undergraduate science or engineering students, or those with some mathematical training who would like to know what the “real” theory of quantum mechanics is. In this chapter, the basics of Dirac notation are presented. The last part of this chapter shows how the uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics is derived.
Basic concepts of quantum mechanics: Schroedinger equation; Dirac notation; the energy representation; expectation value; Hermite operators; coherent superposition of states and motion in the quantum world; perturbation Hamiltonian. Time-dependent perturbation theory: harmonic perturbation. Transition rate: Fermi’s golden rule. The density matrix; pure and mixed states. Temporal dependence of the density operator: von Neuman equation. Randomizing Hamiltonian. Longitudinal and transverse relaxation times. Density matrix and entropy.
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