Pyrenula luteopruinosa Etayo & Aptroot is described as new from lowland rainforest on the Pacific coast of Panama. The new name Pyrenula caraibica Aptroot & Etayo and the new combinations Pyrenula chilensis (Fée) Aptroot & F. Berger, Pyrenula cryptothelia (Müll. Arg.) Aptroot & Etayo and Pyrenula hibernica (Nyl.) Aptroot are proposed.