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2 results

  • Chapter 11 - The Cities and Villages of the Northern Valleys

  • from Part II - The Archaeology of the Tenth Century BCE
  • Avraham Faust, Bar Ilan University, Israel, Zev I. Farber, Shalom Hartman Institute, Jerusalem
  • Book:
    The Bible's First Kings
    Published online:
    16 January 2025
    Print publication:
    20 February 2025, pp 242-251

  • Summary

    Most of the cities in the fertile Jezreel, Beth-Shean, and the adjacent valleys, which flourished in the Iron I, were destroyed in the beginning of the Iron IIA. Some were then rebuilt along very different lines. At the same time, in contrast to the large-scale village abandonment occurring throughout the land, some farming villages continued and were even established. What happened to the cities and what connection might there be to the continued existence of the villages? It appears that the expanding highland polity conquered the region and destroyed most cities – the only exceptions being cities that collaborated with them – transferring some of the inhabitants of these destroyed cities, before rebuilding some of them, often along different lines. This newly conquered area was important economically not only because of the roads that crossed it, but also because of its agricultural potential. Thus the new polity maintained many villages there, even transferring population from the conquered cities to these villages.

The Archaeology of the Bronze Age Levant
  • From Urban Origins to the Demise of City-States, 3700–1000 BCE
  • Raphael Greenberg
  • Published online:
    21 October 2019
    Print publication:
    07 November 2019
  • The Levant - modern Lebanon, southern Syria, Jordan, Israel and Palestine - is one of the most intensively excavated regions of the world. This richly documented and illustrated survey offers a state-of-the-art description of the formative phase of Levantine societies, as they perfected the Mediterranean village economy and began to interact with neighboring civilizations in Egypt and Syria, on the way to establishing their first towns and city-state polities. Citing numerous finds and interpretive approaches, Greenberg offers a new narrative of social and cultural development, emulation, resistance and change, illustrating how Levantine communities translated broader movements of the Near Eastern and Mediterranean Bronze Age - the emergence of states, international trade, elite networks and imperial ambitions - into a uniquely Levantine idiom.