Hostname: page-component-669899f699-ggqkh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-26T04:21:31.797Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Neuroprogression in bipolar disorder: why right is wrong

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 May 2024

Eduard Vieta Open the ORCID record for Eduard Vieta [Opens in a new window]
Eduard Vieta*
Affiliation:
Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova, 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona. c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), Barcelona, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
*
Corresponding author: Eduard Vieta; Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The controversy on whether bipolar disorder is a neurodevelopmental versus a neuroprogressive illness is still around, despite some reductionistic claims that only one model is right. The current diagnostic classifications are not helpful to address this issue, and there is conflicting evidence in favor and against either model. In practice, though, understanding that many patients may show a progressive cognitive and functional decline which may be correlated with the number and severity of episodes may lead to better outcomes through early intervention strategies.

Keywords

bipolar disorderneuroprogression
Type
Invited Commentary
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 54 , Issue 10 , July 2024 , pp. 2344 - 2346
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Abé, C., Ching, C. R. K., Liberg, B., Lebedev, A. V., Agartz, I., Akudjedu, T. N., … Landén, M., ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group (2022). Longitudinal structural brain changes in bipolar disorder: A multicenter neuroimaging study of 1232 individuals by the ENIGMA bipolar disorder working group. Biological Psychiatry, 91(6), 582–592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.09.008CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burdick, K. E., & Millett, C. E. (2021). Cognitive heterogeneity is a key predictor of differential functional outcome in patients with bipolar disorder. European Neuropsychopharmacology: the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 53, 4–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.06.008CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burdick, K. E., Millett, C. E., Yocum, A. K., Altimus, C. M., Andreassen, O. A., Aubin, V., … McInnis, M. G. (2022). Predictors of functional impairment in bipolar disorder: Results from 13 cohorts from seven countries by the global bipolar cohort collaborative. Bipolar Disorders, 24(7), 709–719. https://doi.org/10.1111/bdi.13208CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cannon, M., Jones, P., Gilvarry, C., Rifkin, L., McKenzie, K., Foerster, A., … Murray, R. M. (1997). Premorbid social functioning in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: Similarities and differences. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 154(11), 1544–1550. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.11.1544CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cavanagh, J. T., Van Beck, M., Muir, W., & Blackwood, D. H. (2002). Case-control study of neurocognitive function in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder: An association with mania. The British Journal of Psychiatry: the Journal of Mental Science, 180, 320–326. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.180.4.320CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ilzarbe, L., & Vieta, E. (2023). The elephant in the room: Medication as confounder. European Neuropsychopharmacology: the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 71, 6–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.03.001CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kjærstad, H. L., Søhol, K., Vinberg, M., Kessing, L. V., & Miskowiak, K. W. (2023). The trajectory of emotional and non-emotional cognitive function in newly diagnosed patients with bipolar disorder and their unaffected relatives: A 16-month follow-up study. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 67, 4–21. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2022.11.004CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewandowski, K. E., Sperry, S. H., Cohen, B. M., Norris, L. A., Fitzmaurice, G. M., Ongur, D., … Keshavan, M. S. (2017). Treatment to enhance cognition in bipolar disorder (TREC-BD): Efficacy of a randomized controlled trial of cognitive remediation versus active control. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 78(9), e1242–e1249. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.17m11476CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lima, F., Rabelo-da-Ponte, F. D., Bücker, J., Czepielewski, L., Hasse-Sousa, M., Telesca, R., … Rosa, A. R. (2019). Identifying cognitive subgroups in bipolar disorder: A cluster analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 246, 252–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.044CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martínez-Arán, A., Vieta, E., Reinares, M., Colom, F., Torrent, C., Sánchez-Moreno, J., … Salamero, M. (2004). Cognitive function across manic or hypomanic, depressed, and euthymic states in bipolar disorder. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 161(2), 262–270. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.2.262CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miguel, N., Marquez-Arrico, J. E., Jodar, M., Navarro, J. F., & Adan, A. (2023). Neuropsychological functioning of patients with major depression or bipolar disorder comorbid to substance use disorders: A systematic review. European Neuropsychopharmacology: the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 75, 41–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.06.006CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miskowiak, K. W., Seeberg, I., Jensen, M. B., Balanzá-Martínez, V., Del Mar Bonnin, C., Bowie, C. R., … Vieta, E. (2022). Randomised controlled cognition trials in remitted patients with mood disorders published between 2015 and 2021: A systematic review by the International Society for Bipolar Disorders Targeting Cognition Task Force. Bipolar Disorders, 24(4), 354–374. doi: 10.1111/bdi.13193CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Montejo, L., Torrent, C., Jiménez, E., Martínez-Arán, A., Blumberg, H. P., Burdick, K. E., … Vieta, E., International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) Older Adults with Bipolar Disorder (OABD) Task Force (2022). Cognition in older adults with bipolar disorder: An ISBD task force systematic review and meta-analysis based on a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. Bipolar Disorders, 24(2), 115–136. https://doi.org/10.1111/bdi.13175CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Samalin, L., & Belzeaux, R. (2023). Why does non-adherence to treatment remain a leading cause of relapse in patients with bipolar disorder?. European Neuropsychopharmacology: the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 73, 16–18. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.04.012CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Samamé, C. (2024). What do psychiatrists do with hypotheses proven false? The case of neuroprogression in bipolar disorders. Psychological Medicine, 54, 41–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Samamé, C., Durante, P., Cattaneo, B., Aprahamian, I., & Strejilevich, S. (2023). Efficacy of cognitive remediation in bipolar disorder: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled 7 trials. Psychological Medicine, 53, 1–13. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291723001897CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanchez-Moreno, J., Bonnin, C. M., González-Pinto, A., Amann, B. L., Solé, B., Balanzá-Martinez, V., … Vieta, E., CIBERSAM Functional Remediation Group (2018). Factors associated with poor functional outcome in bipolar disorder: Sociodemographic, clinical, and neurocognitive variables. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 138(2), 145–154. https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.12894CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sánchez-Torres, A. M., Amoretti, S., Enguita-Germán, M., Mezquida, G., Moreno-Izco, L., Panadero-Gómez, R., … Cuesta, M.J., 2EPs group (2023). Relapse, cognitive reserve, and their relationship with cognition in first episode schizophrenia: A 3–year follow-up study. European Neuropsychopharmacology: the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 67, 53–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2022.11.011CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Torrent, C., Bonnin, C.delM., Martínez-Arán, A., Valle, J., Amann, B. L., González-Pinto, A., … Vieta, E. (2013). Efficacy of functional remediation in bipolar disorder: A multicenter randomized controlled study. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 170(8), 852–859. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12070971CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vidal, N., Brunet-Gouet, E., Frileux, S., Aouizerate, B., Aubin, V., Belzeaux, R., … Roux, P. (2023). Comparative analysis of anticholinergic burden scales to explain iatrogenic cognitive impairment and self-reported side effects in the euthymic phase of bipolar disorders: Results from the FACE-BD cohort. European Neuropsychopharmacology: the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 77, 67–79. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.08.502CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vieta, E. (2015). La medicina personalizada aplicada a la salud mental: la psiquiatría de precisión [Personalised medicine applied to mental health: Precision psychiatry]. Revista De Psiquiatria Y Salud Mental.; 8(3):117–118. Spanish. doi:10.1016/j.rpsm.2015.03.003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zammit, S., Allebeck, P., David, A. S., Dalman, C., Hemmingsson, T., Lundberg, I., … Lewis, G. (2004). A longitudinal study of premorbid IQ Score and risk of developing schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, severe depression, and other nonaffective psychoses. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61(4), 354–360. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.61.4.354CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed