Figures
I.1Gül waves the Turkish flag on a train from Istanbul to Göppingen, mid-1960s
I.4Guest workers wait at the Düsseldorf airport for their flight back to Istanbul, 1970
I.5Neo-Nazi performs the Hitler salute with a swastika shirt, 1987
1.1Scenes of departure at Istanbul’s Sirkeci Train Station, 1964
1.3Ömer displays his decorations at his factory dormitory, 1966
1.4Members of the Dağdeviren family smile from their apartment window in Munich, 1969
1.6Turkish children outside their elementary school in Duisburg-Hamborn, 1979
2.1A so-called Almancı returns to Turkey with Deutschmarks and a fully packed car, 1984
2.2Map of the Europastraße 5 (E-5), titled “Death Trek to Istanbul,” 1975
2.3Inspection at the Bulgarian–Turkish border at Kapıkule, mid-1970s
2.4Ünsal with one of the eighteen cars that he bought in Germany, mid-1960s
2.5Travelers in a Ford Transit at a rest stop on the E-5 in Austria, ca. 1970
2.6OBI-Baumarkt advertisement for car parts in Turkish, mid-1970s
3.1Vacationing guest worker in front of straw-roofed houses in his home village, 1970
3.2Guest workers send remittances home at Türkiye Halk Bankası, ca. 1970
3.3Graph: significance of remittances to the Turkish economy, 1970–1980
3.5Cartoon: opposition to military service payment in FEBAG’s newsletter, 1984
4.2Semra Ertan, Turkish-German poet and anti-racism activist, ca. 1980
4.3Members of the Turkish gang 36 Boys in Berlin-Kreuzberg, 1990
4.4Protestors hold banner: “We do not want to be the Jews of tomorrow,” 1981
4.5Protesters wear yellow Stars of David labeled “asylum seeker,” “foreigner,” and “Jew,” 1982
5.1Graph: rate of remigration to Turkey with 1984 as peak, 1980–1990
5.2Cartoon: guest workers’ difficult decision to stay or leave, 1979
5.3Cover of Metall-Zeitung opposing the remigration law, 1983
5.4Cartoon: German racism as a reason for return migration, ca. 1984
5.5A family packs their van to return to Turkey with the remigration premium, 1984
5.6Turkish women in Kreuzberg pack their cars before departing for Turkey, 1985
6.2Cartoon: distressed “return child” (Rückkehrkind) forced to remigrate by his parents, 1989
6.3Turkish teenagers with posters of American and European popular culture, mid-1980s
6.4Front-page Cumhuriyet article about the struggles of reintegrating “Almancı children,” 1984
6.5Guest worker children raise their hands in a West German classroom, 1980
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