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Delineating naturally introgressed genotypes of Indian eggplant collections using morphological key traits for plant genetic resources management

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 September 2024

Kasireddy Sivasankarreddy ,
Jiji Joseph Open the ORCID record for Jiji Joseph [Opens in a new window] ,
Thirumalaisamy Polavakkalipalayam Palanisamy ,
Venkatesan Kannan Open the ORCID record for Venkatesan Kannan [Opens in a new window] ,
Pradheep Kanakasabhapathi ,
Berin Pathrose ,
Deepu Mathew Open the ORCID record for Deepu Mathew [Opens in a new window] ,
Pradeepkumar Thayyil Open the ORCID record for Pradeepkumar Thayyil [Opens in a new window] ,
Madhavan Latha  and
Azhakan Suma Open the ORCID record for Azhakan Suma [Opens in a new window]
Kasireddy Sivasankarreddy
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, India
Jiji Joseph*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, India
Thirumalaisamy Polavakkalipalayam Palanisamy
Affiliation:
ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station, Thrissur, India
Venkatesan Kannan
Affiliation:
ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station, Thrissur, India
Pradheep Kanakasabhapathi
Affiliation:
ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station, Thrissur, India
Berin Pathrose
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, India
Deepu Mathew
Affiliation:
Center for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, India
Pradeepkumar Thayyil
Affiliation:
Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, India
Madhavan Latha
Affiliation:
ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station, Thrissur, India
Azhakan Suma
Affiliation:
ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station, Thrissur, India
*
Corresponding author: Jiji Joseph; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a widely cultivated vegetable in India with enormous variability. Recent molecular techniques revealed three closely related but distinct Solanum species (S. melongena, S. incanum and S. insanum), with the Indian subcontinent being a domesticated centre. Spontaneous hybridization between S. insanum and S. melongena has led to the formation of naturally introgressed lines and limited studies are available to differentiate these genotypes using morphological key traits. Current study aimed to delineate naturally introgressed genotypes of Indian eggplant collections using morphological key traits for plant genetic resources (PGR) management and assess available genetic diversity. The study characterized a collection of 157 eggplant germplasm at ICAR-NBPGR, Regional Station, Kerala, and identified 30 naturally introgressed, 10 wild progenitors and 117 cultivated eggplants. The key morphological traits are prickliness (stem, petiole, calyx and pedicle), leaf base shape, fruit shape and size. Other fruit traits such as length, breadth and mesocarp texture could also provide some clues for delineating introgressed genotypes from S. insanum and S. melongena. Basic statistical analysis of six quantitative traits of 157 eggplant genotypes revealed the presence of considerable amount of variation (CV%) in which fruit length/breadth ratio showed higher variation (73.87) followed by fruit length (54.73) and average fruit weight (53.5). The frequency distribution of 14 qualitative traits revealed the presence of all character states among them. Key traits identified under study could provide clues to identify individual plants at field level to plant taxonomist/explorers and also to aid gene bank curators for PGR management.

Keywords

germplasm characterizationintrogressionplant genetic resources managementSolanum insanumSolanum melongena
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 22 , Issue 6 , December 2024 , pp. 385 - 395
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of National Institute of Agricultural Botany

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