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Towards the correlates of stressful life events as precipitants of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review and metanalysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 April 2024

Verônica Hühne Open the ORCID record for Verônica Hühne [Opens in a new window] ,
Samara dos Santos-Ribeiro ,
Maria E. Moreira-de-Oliveira ,
Gabriela B. de Menezes  and
Leonardo F. Fontenelle
Verônica Hühne
Affiliation:
Anxiety, Obsessions and Compulsions Program, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Samara dos Santos-Ribeiro
Affiliation:
Anxiety, Obsessions and Compulsions Program, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Maria E. Moreira-de-Oliveira
Affiliation:
Anxiety, Obsessions and Compulsions Program, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Gabriela B. de Menezes
Affiliation:
Anxiety, Obsessions and Compulsions Program, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Leonardo F. Fontenelle*
Affiliation:
Anxiety, Obsessions and Compulsions Program, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
*
Corresponding author: Leonardo F. Fontenelle; Email: lfontenelle@gmail.com
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Abstract

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a prevalent condition with multifactorial etiology involving genetic and environmental factors. The present study aims to summarize the correlates of stressful life events (SLEs) in OCD by reviewing studies comparing OCD associated or not with SLEs before its onset. To do so, a systematic review was performed by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases for studies published between the database’s inception and November 27, 2023. Studies including individuals whose OCD was precipitated or not by SLEs (SLEs OCD and NSLEs OCD, respectively) were assessed. Effect sizes or odds ratios were then calculated to identify the strength of association between SLEs and clinical characteristics, such as gender, age of onset, family history of OCD, severity of OCD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and mood comorbidities among patients with OCD. Out of the 4083 records initially identified, 5 studies met the inclusion criteria and 3 were comparable through a meta-analysis. Notably, the analyses were limited by the small number of studies available in the literature. The meta-analysis demonstrated SLEs OCD to be associated with female gender, later OCD onset, and increased comorbidity rates with mood disorders. Despite the cross-sectional nature of the reviewed studies, women may be more vulnerable to develop a later onset of OCD following SLEs, which may also lead to mood disorders. Caution is needed to avoid prematurely classifying this presentation as a distinct subtype of OCD.

Keywords

Obsessive-compulsive disorderstressful life eventsOCD coursesystematic reviewtrauma
Type
Review
Information
CNS Spectrums , Volume 29 , Issue 4 , August 2024 , pp. 252 - 260
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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