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Contents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 February 2023

Mónica García-Salmones Rovira
Mónica García-Salmones Rovira
Affiliation:
University of Helsinki

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The Necessity of Nature
God, Science and Money in 17th Century English Law of Nature
 , pp. v - viii
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NC
This content is Open Access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence CC-BY-NC 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/cclicenses/

Contents

  1. List of Figure

  2. Preface

  3. Introduction

    1. IAltering the Perception of Nature

    2. IINature and The Light of Nature

    3. IIINeeds, Politics and Money

    4. IVNecessity and Liberalism

    5. VOutline of Chapters

  4. 1A Christian Science: Searching for the Common Good and the Public Good

    1. 1.1Deism, Neoplatonism and the Light of Reason

    2. 1.2Scepticism and Moral Righteousness

    3. 1.3Hobbes and Locke versus Filmer on Political Economy

    4. 1.4The New Oeconomies: Household – State – Nature

  5. 2Hobbes’s Doctrine of Necessity

    1. 2.1Hobbes’s Doctrine of Necessity and Existence

      1. 2.1.1A Yearning for Necessity

      2. 2.1.2Neoplatonist Necessary Existence of Avicenna

    2. 2.2Necessitarian Metaphysics and (Human) Body in Avicenna and Hobbes

      1. 2.2.1Hobbes’s Early Necessitarianism

      2. 2.2.2Hobbes’s Metaphysics of Bodies and Its Implication to Morality

  6. 3Necessities, Natural Rights and Sovereignty in Leviathan

    1. 3.1Hobbes’s Necessity, Theology and Natural Laws

      1. 3.1.1Within the Tradition of Power

      2. 3.1.2The Tradition of Natural Laws Updated

    2. 3.2The Doctrine of Necessity in Leviathan

      1. 3.2.1Natural Rights and Necessity

      2. 3.2.2The Needs of Others

      3. 3.2.3Naturalism

      4. 3.2.4The Needs of the Sovereign

      5. 3.2.5The Necessary Freedom

      6. 3.2.6Faith and Necessity

  7. 4Reformers on the Necessary Knowledge

    1. 4.1Useful Knowledge as the Only Necessary Knowledge: Benjamin Worsley in Context

      1. 4.1.1Jan Comenius and Sir Cheney Culpeper on Nature

      2. 4.1.2A ‘Professor of Necessities’

      3. 4.1.3Robert Boyle: Between Nature and Utilitarian Science

    2. 4.2All-Encompassing Human Necessities

      1. 4.2.1Hartlib’s ‘Office of Publick Address’

      2. 4.2.2‘A Well-Regulated Plantation’

      3. 4.2.3The Knowledge of Trade

  8. 5Necessity, Free Will and Conscience: Robert Sanderson

    1. 5.1Logician and Theologian

      1. 5.1.1An English Casuist

      2. 5.1.2Predestination, Necessity and Free Will

    2. 5.2The Mechanical Conscience

      1. 5.2.1The Age of Conscience

      2. 5.2.2Albert the Great, Aquinas and Ralph Cudworth on the Agent Intellect

      3. 5.2.3Necessary Discursive Reasoning

      4. 5.2.4The Necessity of Obedience

  9. 6The Grand Business of Nature

    1. 6.1The Oeconomy of Nature

      1. 6.1.1The Last Atom

      2. 6.1.2The Multiplier

      3. 6.1.3Natural Philosophy without Moral Natural Law

    2. 6.2The Fact of Man

      1. 6.2.1Voluntarist Law

      2. 6.2.2Aretology: Embracing Human Body

    3. 6.3The Grand Business of Nature

      1. 6.3.1Aquinas’s Theology of Use

      2. 6.3.2Knowing the Bountiful Nature

      3. 6.3.3Technology from the Plantations

  10. 7Robert Boyle, the Empire over Nature

    1. 7.1Nothing Is Necessary: Benjamin Worsley Revisited

      1. 7.1.1Mentoring Boyle

      2. 7.1.2Worsley the Prophet

    2. 7.2The Transmutator of Nature

      1. 7.2.1God’s Concurrence

      2. 7.2.2The Uncertain Boundaries of Natures

      3. 7.2.3God’s Arbitrary Will and Humans’ Right Reasoning

      4. 7.2.4The Viewpoint in Boyle’s Laws of Nature

      5. 7.2.5Selden, Milton, Cumberland and Boyle on Weakness of Reason

    3. 7.3Undoing Nature

      1. 7.3.1The Unlimited Reason

      2. 7.3.2The ‘Unnecessariness’ of Nature

  11. 8Locke’s Early Writings

    1. 8.1Independent Judgment of Conscience, Public Order and Public Interest

      1. 8.1.1The Governance of ‘Matters Indifferent’

      2. 8.1.2Locke’s Tracts on Government and Judgment about Necessary Things

      3. 8.1.3Moral Perplexity Erased

    2. 8.2Undoing Conscience

      1. 8.2.1No Innate Principles

      2. 8.2.2Common Necessities and Not Interest

  12. 9Medicine, Oeconomy and Needs

    1. 9.1The Oeconomy of Needs

      1. 9.1.1Resituating Locke’s Natural Law in a Philosophy of Necessities and Needs

      2. 9.1.2Studying and Practicing Medicine

      3. 9.1.3Galenism

    2. 9.2Physicians and Oeconomia

      1. 9.2.1Towards a Politics of Household

      2. 9.2.2Politicization and Depoliticization of Needs

      3. 9.2.3Avicenna’s Kitâb Al-siyâsa (Politics), the Metaphysics of “The Healing” and the Pragmatic Politicization of Needs

  13. 10Money and the Doctrine of Necessities

    1. 10.1Locke’s Doctrine of Necessities

      1. 10.1.1A Changing Perspective: Corpuscularianism

      2. 10.1.2Necessities

      3. 10.1.3The (Sometimes Dark) Politics of Necessities

    2. 10.2Usury, Interest and Science

      1. 10.2.1Fraternal Love versus Love of Money

      2. 10.2.2The Acts against Usury

      3. 10.2.3The Concerns of Gerard Malynes

      4. 10.2.4The Scholars’ Discussion

      5. 10.2.5Economists and Scientists

  14. 11The Scientification of Money

    1. 11.1The Science of Interest

      1. 11.1.1From Potter to Ireland: Money Is Running Debt

      2. 11.1.2Theorizing on Interest and Money

      3. 11.1.3Locke’s Theory of Interest

      4. 11.1.4Money as Necessity

    2. 11.2The Morality of Capital

      1. 11.2.1Money as Reason of State

      2. 11.2.2The Right Stock-Jobbing

  15. 12The Doctrine of Necessities and the (Public) Good

    1. 12.1Necessity and Necessities in Knowledge and Morality: An Essay Concerning Human Understanding

      1. 12.1.1Epistemology and Necessities

      2. 12.1.2Between Aquinas and Henry of Ghent

      3. 12.1.3Necessary Happiness

    2. 12.2Necessities, Dominion and Money in the Two Treatises of Government

      1. 12.2.1Dominion for Necessities

      2. 12.2.2Private Property and Money

      3. 12.2.3Preservation, Government and the Public Good

  16. Conclusions

  17. Index

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