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‘Take 5’ – a weight loss intervention for adults with intellectual disabilities and obesity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 November 2010

D. Spanos ,
C. Hankey ,
S. Macmillan ,
L. Rankin ,
S. Miller ,
V. Penpraze ,
S. Boyle ,
H. Murray ,
C. Pert  and
N. Robinson
...Show all authors
D. Spanos
Affiliation:
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Glasgow
C. Hankey
Affiliation:
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Glasgow
S. Macmillan
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Medicine
L. Rankin
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Medicine
S. Miller
Affiliation:
Robertson Centre for Biostatistics
V. Penpraze
Affiliation:
Institute of Diet Exercise and Lifestyle
S. Boyle
Affiliation:
Scotland, Glasgow and Clyde Weight Management Service, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde
H. Murray
Affiliation:
Learning Disabilities Psychiatry, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde
C. Pert
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Medicine
N. Robinson
Affiliation:
Health Improvement Senior (Learning Disability), NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde
C. Melville
Affiliation:
Department of Psychological Medicine
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Abstract

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Abstract
Information
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 69 , Issue OCE6: Summer Meeting, 28 June–1 July 2010, Nutrition and health: cell to community , 2010 , E505
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2010

People with intellectual disabilities (ID) have a higher level of unmet health needs than the general population and they are more disadvantaged in relation to access to nutrition and preventative health-care services(1). Many studies(Reference Hamilton, Hankey and Miller2)have reported that the prevalence of obesity is higher in people with ID than the general population. Clinical guidelines(3, 4)on the management of obesity recommend multicomponent interventions for weight loss that use behavioural principles to support dietary change and increase levels of physical activity (PA). To date, there is scant data to examine the effectiveness of weight management interventions in those with ID and obesity. This study examined the effectiveness of a structured multicomponent weight loss intervention.

An existing weight management intervention (Glasgow and Clyde Weight Management Service) was adapted to the cognitive needs of adults with ID and carers supporting the participants were encouraged to be involved. The multicomponent intervention consisted of 9 individual sessions and included a personalised diet with a 2510/d kJ (600 kcal) deficit and behavioural techniques to promote increased PA levels and healthy dietary patterns. Anthropometric measurements of height, weight, waist circumference were made at baseline and at 6-month follow-up. PA levels were assessed pre- and post intervention using ActiGraph accelerometers, model GT1M (Actigraph, Pensacola, FL, USA).

Fifty four obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) adults (≥18 years old) with ID were recruited in this study. A total of 47 (87%) participants (mean BMI 41, sd 7.9 kg/m2) completed the intervention. A significant and clinically important weight reduction was observed (P<0.05) after 6 months. Approximately 50% of the participants lost 5% or more of their initial body weight. Initial accelerometer measurements indicated high levels of inactivity and low levels of moderate to vigorous activity.

A multicomponent weight loss intervention is effective in promoting weight loss in adults with ID.

References

1.NHS Health Scotland (2004) People with Learning Disabilities in Scotland - Health Needs Assessment Report. Edinburgh: NHS Health Scotland.Google Scholar
2.Hamilton, S, Hankey, CR, Miller, S et al. (2007) The prevalence and determinants of obesity in adults with intellectual disabilities. Obes Rev 8, 339–345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (2006) Obesity: The Prevention, Identification, Assessment and Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults and Children. London: NICE.Google Scholar
4.Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (2010) Management of Obesity: A National Clinical Guideline. Guideline No. 115. Edinburgh. SIGN. ISBN 978 1 905813 57 5.Google Scholar