Faith and other religious terms are still not considered an explicit language of psychiatry. Faith is a multilayered phenomenon, involving a belief about things of which we are uncertain accompanied by an expectancy and/or conviction (Reference ClarkeClarke, 2003). The Bible defines faith as being sure of what people hope for and certain of what they do not see (Hebrews 11:1). Faith is considered a nebulous concept and its benefit is beyond objective scientific measurement. Despite this the World Health Organization clearly stresses the value of concepts such as faith, hope and compassion in the healing process from any illness (World Health Organization, 1998). Religions based on strong faith and beliefs have evolved and persisted over centuries, and people do turn to religion when coping with life stressors (Reference PargamentPargament, 1997). If this spiritual craving is to be utilised for promoting better mental health and holistic care, stronger collaboration between psychiatrists and religious professionals is important (Reference RattrayRattray, 2002; Reference DeinDein, 2004).
It is encouraging to note, despite the constant suspicion between psychiatry and religion (Reference BhugraBhugra, 1997), the incorporation of religious principles based on faith into treatment strategies especially in psychotherapy, and this should be welcomed. Christian principles have been effective in cognitive therapy and help to improve spiritual well-being (Reference Lipsker and OordtLipsker & Oordt, 1990; Reference Hawkins, Tan and TurkHawkins et al, 1999). The third-wave cognitive-behavioural therapies such as dialectical behavioural therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy are closer to religious belief systems and practices (Reference Andersson and AsmundsonAndersson & Asmundson, 2006). Zen Buddhist ideas have been woven into the fabric of dialectical behavioural therapy (Reference RobinsRobins, 2002). Acceptance and commitment therapy connects with the Buddhist philosophy and practices in accepting the four noble truths and the eight-fold noble path (Reference HayesHayes, 2002). The mindfulness-based therapies have stronger associations with Buddhism, its empirical database and its application for stress reduction, health promotion and improved personal functioning (Reference RobinsRobins, 2002). This gives an early hope that mainstream psychiatry and religions with strong faith and belief systems can work together to ameliorate psychopathology and improve the well-being of patients.
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