A third-order accurate direct Eulerian generalised Riemann problem (GRP) scheme is derived for the one-dimensional special relativistic hydrodynamical equations. In our GRP scheme, the higher-order WENO initial reconstruction is employed, and the local GRPs in the Eulerian formulation are directly and analytically resolved to third-order accuracy via the Riemann invariants and Rankine-Hugoniot jump conditions, to get the approximate states in numerical fluxes. Unlike a previous second-order accurate GRP scheme, for the non-sonic case the limiting values of the second-order time derivatives of the fluid variables at the singular point are also needed for the calculation of the approximate states; while for the sonic case, special attention is paid because the calculation of the second-order time derivatives at the sonic point is difficult. Several numerical examples are given to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of our GRP scheme.

Three iterative stabilised finite element methods based on local Gauss integration are proposed in order to solve the steady two-dimensional Smagorinsky model numerically. The Stokes iterative scheme, the Newton iterative scheme and the Oseen iterative scheme are adopted successively to deal with the nonlinear terms involved. Numerical experiments are carried out to demonstrate their effectiveness. Furthermore, the effect of the parameters Re (the Reynolds number) and δ (the spatial filter radius) on the performance of the iterative numerical results is discussed.

We discuss the implementation of the finite volume method on a staggered grid to solve the full shallow water equations with a conservative approximation for the advection term. Stelling & Duinmeijer [15] noted that the advection approximation may be energy-head or momentum conservative, and if suitable which of these to implement depends upon the particular flow being considered. The momentum conservative scheme pursued here is shown to be suitable for 1D problems such as transcritical flow with a shock and dam break over a rectangular bed, and we also found that our simulation of dam break over a dry sloping bed is in good agreement with the exact solution. Further, the results obtained using the generalised momentum conservative approximation for 2D shallow water equations to simulate wave run up on a conical island are in good agreement with benchmark experimental data.

In this article, we propose and analyse a sparse grid collocation method to solve an optimal control problem involving an elliptic partial differential equation with random coefficients and forcing terms. The input data are assumed to be dependent on a finite number of random variables. We prove that an optimal solution exists, and derive an optimality system. A Galerkin approximation in physical space and a sparse grid collocation in the probability space is used. Error estimates for a fully discrete solution using an appropriate norm are provided, and we analyse the computational efficiency. Computational evidence complements the present theory, to show the effectiveness of our stochastic collocation method.

We consider a Robin inverse problem associated with the Laplace equation, which is a severely ill-posed and nonlinear. We formulate the problem as a boundary integral equation, and introduce a functional of the Robin coefficient as a regularisation term. A conjugate gradient method is proposed for solving the consequent regularised nonlinear least squares problem. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.