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Production of sterile trout (Triploids) by chromosome set manipulation using thermal shock treatment in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from Kashmir Himalayas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 December 2024

Asim Iqbal Bazaz Open the ORCID record for Asim Iqbal Bazaz [Opens in a new window] ,
Tasaduq H. Shah ,
Farooz A. Bhat ,
Irfan Ahmad ,
Basdeo Kushwaha ,
Ravindra Kumar ,
Adnan Abubakr ,
Bilal A. Bhat ,
Rizwana Malik  and
Nafhat-Ul-Arab Naqshbandi
Asim Iqbal Bazaz*
Affiliation:
Division of Fisheries Resource Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
Tasaduq H. Shah
Affiliation:
Division of Fisheries Resource Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
Farooz A. Bhat
Affiliation:
Division of Fisheries Resource Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
Irfan Ahmad
Affiliation:
Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
Basdeo Kushwaha
Affiliation:
Division of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (NBFGR) Lucknow, U.P., India
Ravindra Kumar
Affiliation:
Division of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (NBFGR) Lucknow, U.P., India
Adnan Abubakr
Affiliation:
Division of Aquatic Environmental Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
Bilal A. Bhat
Affiliation:
Division of Social Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
Rizwana Malik
Affiliation:
Division of Social Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
Nafhat-Ul-Arab Naqshbandi
Affiliation:
Division of Aquatic Environmental Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
*
Corresponding author: Asim Iqbal Bazaz; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is a promising cultivable fish species with significant potential for expansion. As a cold-water fish belonging to the Salmonidae family, it requires an optimal temperature range of 10–15°C for optimal growth. This study explores a method for producing sterile rainbow trout with maximum survival rates by using heat shock treatment to enhance growth characteristics and improve aquaculture practices. A control group and four heat shock treatments were given at 26°C and 28°C for 10 min, applied 15 and 20 min after the mixing of eggs and milt, using a water bath. Among the treated groups, the highest fertilisation, hatching and yolk sac absorption rates were 90.3 ± 0.3%, 81.8 ± 0.8% and 83.9 ± 0.5%, respectively. The highest triploidy rate of 76.6 ± 3.3% was observed with a heat shock at 28°C, 20 min after fertilisation. In contrast, none of the fish from the control group were triploids. The control group demonstrated higher survival rates at fertilisation (93.1 ± 0.4%), hatching (84.2 ± 0.4%) and complete yolk sac absorption (86.2 ± 0.5%) compared to the heat-shocked groups. The diploid and triploid chromosome numbers in rainbow trout were determined to be 2n = 60 and 3n = 91, respectively. This study confirms that heat shock treatment can effectively induce triploidy in rainbow trout, with significant variations in triploidy rates depending on the temperature and timing of the shock. While heat shock can enhance the production of sterile fish, it is essential to balance the treatment parameters to maintain high survival rates. These findings contribute to the optimisation of triploidy induction techniques and support the advancement of aquaculture practices by improving the growth, management and survival rates of rainbow trout which could significantly benefit aquaculture efficiency and sustainability.

Keywords

Fertilisationhatchingheat shockrainbow trouttriploidyyolk sac absorption
Type
Research Article
Information
Zygote , Volume 33 , Issue 1 , February 2025 , pp. 10 - 18
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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