Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T07:31:56.604Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

CD9 protein appears on growing mouse oocytes at the time when they develop the ability to fuse with spermatozoa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2006

Sebastian Komorowski
Affiliation:
Department of Embryology, Institute of Zoology, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland
Barbara Baranowska
Affiliation:
Department of Embryology, Institute of Zoology, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland
Marek Maleszewski*
Affiliation:
Department of Embryology, Institute of Zoology, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland
*
All correspondence to: M. Maleszewski, Department of Embryology, Institute of Zoology, Warsaw University, ul. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland. Fax: +48 22 551210. e-mail: [email protected]

Summary

CD9 is a member of the tetraspanin superfamily proteins and is the only protein on the mouse oocyte which is known to be indispensable in sperm–egg fusion. Here, using indirect immunofluorescence we show that CD9 appears on the oolemma during the early stages of the growth of the oocyte, when it measures 13–22 μm in diameter. When the oocyte reaches a diameter of 17–22 μm, the density of CD9 in its oolemma is similar to the density of this protein in the cell membrane of the fully grown secondary oocyte. The appearance of CD9 in growing oocytes correlates with the previously reported time of the acquisition of fusibility between the spermatozoon and the egg. Accordingly we propose that during oogenesis the development of the ability of the oolemma to fuse with sperm may be regulated by synthesis of CD9 by the oocyte.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Chen, M.S., Tung, K.S., Coonrod, S.A., Takahashi, Y., Bigler, D., Chang, A., Yamashita, Y., Kincade, P.W., Herr, J.C. & White, J.M. (1999). Role of the integrin-associated protein CD9 in binding between sperm ADAM 2 and the egg integrin alpha6beta1: implications for murine fertilization. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 11830–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fulton, B.P. & Whittingham, D.G. (1978). Activation of mammalian oocytes by intracellular injection of calcium. Nature 273, 149–51.Google Scholar
Hemler, M.E. (2003). Tetraspanin proteins mediate cellular penetration, invasion, and fusion events and define a novel type of membrane microdomain. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 19, 397422.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaji, K., Oda, S., Shikano, T., Ohnuki, T., Uematsu, Y., Sakagami, J., Tada, N., Miyazaki, S. & Kudo, A. (2000). The gamete fusion process is defective in eggs of Cd9-deficient mice. Nat. Genet. 24, 279–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Komorowski, S., Szczepanska, K. & Maleszewski, M. (2003). Distinct mechanisms underlie sperm-induced and protease-induced oolemma block to sperm penetration. Int. J. Dev. Biol. 47, 65–9.Google Scholar
Le Naour, F., Rubinstein, E., Jasmin, C., Prenant, M. & Boucheix, C. (2000). Severely reduced female fertility in CD9-deficient mice. Science 287, 319–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mangia, F. & Epstein, C.J. (1975). Biochemical studies of growing mouse oocytes: preparation of oocytes and analysis of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase activities. Dev. Biol. 45, 211–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McAvey, B.A., Wortzman, G.B., Williams, C.J. & Evans, J.P. (2002). Involvement of calcium signaling and the actin cytoskeleton in the membrane block to polyspermy in mouse eggs. Biol. Reprod. 67, 1342–52.Google Scholar
Miyado, K., Yamada, G., Yamada, S., Hasuwa, H., Nakamura, Y., Ryu, F., Suzuki, K., Kosai, K., Inoue, K., Ogura, A., Okabe, M. & Mekada, E. (2000). Requirement of CD9 on the egg plasma membrane for fertilization. Science 287, 321–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nicolson, G.L., Yanagimachi, R. & Yanagimachi, H. (1975). Ultrastructural localization of lectin-binding sites on the zonae pellucidae and plasma membranes of mammalian eggs. J. Cell Biol. 66, 263–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stipp, C.S., Kolesnikova, T.V. & Hemler, M.E. (2003). Functional domains in tetraspanin proteins. Trends Biochem. Sci. 28, 106–12.Google Scholar
Wassarman, P. & Albertini, D. (1994). The mammalian ovum. In The Physiology of Reproduction, 2nd edn (ed. Knobil, E. & Neill, J.), pp. 79122. New York: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Zuccotti, M., Yanagimachi, R. & Yanagimachi, H. (1991). The ability of hamster oolemma to fuse with spermatozoa: its acquisition during oogenesis and loss after fertilization. Development 112, 143–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zuccotti, M., Piccinelli, A., Marziliano, N., Mascheretti, S. & Redi, C.A. (1994). Development and loss of the ability of mouse oolemma to fuse with spermatozoa. Zygote 2, 333–9.Google Scholar