Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T10:23:44.088Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Stress and the Domestic Fowl: A Physiological Re-Appraisal

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2007

B.M. Freeman
Affiliation:
Houghton Poultry Research Station, Houghton, Huntingdon PE17 2DA, Cambs., England.
Get access

Abstract

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1976

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anon (1974). Stress and meat quality. Vet. Rec. 94: 447Google Scholar
Bloom, S. R. (1973). Glucagon, a stress hormone. Postgrad. med. J. 49 (Suppl): 607.Google Scholar
Bloom, S. R., Daniel, P. M., Johnston, D. I., Ogawa, O. and Pratt, O. E. (1972). Changes in glucagon level associated with anxiety or stress. Psychol. Med. 2: 426.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bloom, S. R., Daniel, P. M., Johnston, D. I., Ogawa, O. and Pratt, O. E. (1973). Release of glucagon induced by stress. Q. Jl. exp. Physiol. 58: 99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boissin, J. and Assenmacher, I. (1966). Rythmes circadiens des taux sanguin et surrenalien de la corticosterone chez la caille. C. r. Acad. Sci. Ser D. 267: 2193.Google Scholar
Boucek, R. J. and Bourne, B. B. (1962). Catecholamines of the allantoic in fluid in the developing chick embryo. Nature, Lond. 193: 1181.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boucek, R. J., Gyori, E. and Alvarez, R. (1966). Steroid dehydrogenase reactions in developing chick adrenal and gonadal tissues. A histochemical study. Gen. comp. Endocr. 7: 292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, K. I. (1967). Environmentally imposed stress. In: Environmental Control in Poultry Production, pp. 101113. Edit. Carter, T. C.Edinburgh, Oliver and Boyd.Google Scholar
Brown, K. I. and Nestor, K. E. (1970). Physiological responses of turkeys selected for high and low adrenal response to cold stress. Poult. Sci. 49: 1372.Google Scholar
Brown, K. I. and Nestor, K. E. (1973). Some physiological responsesof turkeys selected for high and low adrenal responses to cold stress. Poult. Sci. 52: 1948.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, K. I. and Nestor, K. E. (1974). Implications of selection for high and low adrenal responses to stress. Poult. Sci. 53: 1297.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brüggemann, J., Kerkenschlager, M., Schmidt, H., Riedel, G. and Schole, J. (1969). Die Beeinflussung des Wachstums keimfrei und konventionell gehaltener Kuken durch Chlortetracyklin uber den intermediaren Stoffwechsel. Z. Tierphysiol. Tierernahr. Futtermittelk. 25: 321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buckland, R. B., Blagrave, K. and Lague, P. C. (1974). Competitive protein binding assay for corticoids in peripheral plasma of the immature chicken. Poult. Sci. 53: 241.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
CastanéDecoud, A. Decoud, A., Pedernera, E. A. and Narbaitz, R. (1964). Acción del ACTH sobre la suprarrenal del embrión de pollo. Revta Soc. argent. Biol. 40: 181.Google Scholar
Chan, S. W. C. and Phillips, J. G. (1973). Circadian variation in activity of the duck (Anas platyrhynchos) adrenal gland. Gen. comp. Endocr. 20: 291.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cowan, D. F. and Johnson, W. C. (1970). Amyloidosis in the White Pekin duck. I. Relation to social environmental stress. Lab. Invest. 23: 551.Google Scholar
Culbert, J. and Wells, J. W. (1975). Aspects of adrenal function in the domestic fowl. J. Endocr. 65: 363.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davis, R. B. (1973). Ulcerative enteritis in chickens: coccidiosis and stress as predisposing factors. Poult. Sci. 52: 1283.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davison, T. F. (1975). The effects of multiple sampling by cardiac puncture and diurnal rhythm on plasma glucose and hepatic glycogen of the immature chicken. Comp. Biochem. Physiolm, 50A: 569.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duncan, I. (1973). Can the psychologist measure stress? New Scient. 18th October, 173.Google Scholar
Duncan, I. J. H., Howard, B. R., Hughes, B. O., Lake, P. E. and Wood-Gush, D. G. M. (1973). Animal welfare work at the Poultry Research Centre. In: Poultry Research Centre Report for the Four Years ended 31st March 1973. Edinburgh, Agricultural Research Council.Google Scholar
Edens, F. W. and Siegel, H. S. (1975). Adrenal responses in high and low ACTH response lines of chickens during acute heat stress. Gen. comp. Endocr. 25: 64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
El-Halawani, M. E., Waibel, P. E., Appel, J. R., Good, A. L. and Duke, G. E. (1972). Catecholamines in turkeys with high or low blood pressure: effects of tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor and ganglion blocker. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 50: 697.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
El-Halawani, M. E., Waibel, P. E., Appel, J. R. and Good, A. L. (1973). Effects of temperature stress on catecholamines and corticosterone of male turkeys. Am. J. Physiol. 224: 384.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ferrand, R., Pearse, A. G. E., Polak, J. M. and Le Douarin, N. M. (1974). Immuno-histochemical studies on the development of avian embryo pituitary corticotrophs under normal and experimental conditions. Histochemistry, 38: 133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frankel, A. I. (1970). Neurohumoral control of the avian adrenal: a review. Poult. Sci. 49: 869.Google ScholarPubMed
Freeman, B. M. (1971). Stress and the domestic fowl: a physiological appraisal. Wld's Poult. Sci. J. 27: 263.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Freeman, B. M. (1975). Physiological basis of stress. Proc. R. Soc. Med. 68: 427.Google ScholarPubMed
Freeman, B. M. and Manning, A. C. C. (1975a). The response of the immature fowl to multiple injections of adrenaline. Res. Vet. Sci. 19: 92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Freeman, B. M. and Manning, A. C. C. (1975b). The response of the immature fowl to multiple injections of adrenocorticotrophic hormone. Br. Poult. Sci. 16: 121.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Freeman, B. M. and Manning, A. C. C. (1976a). Mediation of glucagon in the response of the domestic fowl to stress. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 53A: 169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freeman, B. M. and Maning, A. C. C. (1976b). Failure of procaine penicillin and zinc bacitracin to modify the response of the fowl to stressors. Br. Poult. Sci. 17: 285.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Freeman, B. M., Manning, A. C. C., Harrison, G. F. and Coates, M. E. (1975). Dietary aureomycin and the response of the fowl to stressors. Br. Poult. Sci. 16: 395.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Girouard, R. J. and Hall, B. K. (1973). Pituitary-adrenal interaction and growth of the embryonic avian adrenal gland. J. exp. Zool. 183: 323.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gross, W. B. (1972). Effect of social stress on occurrence of Marek's disease in chickens. Am. J. vet. Res. 33: 2275.Google ScholarPubMed
Gross, W. B. (1974). Stressor effects of initial bacterial exposure of chickens as determined by sub-sequent challenge exposures. Am. J. vet. Res. 35: 1225.Google Scholar
Gross, W. B. and Colmano, G. (1971). Effect of infectious agents on chickens selected for plasma corticosterone response to social stress. Poult. Sci. 50: 1213.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gross, W. B. and Siegel, P. B. (1973). Effects of social stress and steroids on antibody production. Avian Dis. 17: 807.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hatier, R., Grignon, G., and Guedenet, J. C. (1970). Etude histochimique en microscopie optique et en microscopie électronique de la différenciation des cellules adrénales de la glande Surrénale de l'embryon de poulet. C. r. Seanc. Soc. Biol. 164: 1823.Google Scholar
Howard, B. R. (1974). The assessment of stress in poultry. Br. vet. J. 130: 88.Google Scholar
Kozma, M. and Kemény, A. (1972). Changes in plasma corticosterone level and their relationship to the serum vitellin formation in laying hen. Acta vet Acad sci. hung. 22: 315.Google Scholar
Pedernera, E. A. (1968). Differentiation in vitro of chick embryo adrenal glands. Experientia 24: 938.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pedernera, E. A. (1970). A sensitive bioassay for corticosteroids. Experientia 26: 33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pedernera, E. A. (1971). Development of the secretory capacity of the chick embryo adrenal glands. J. Embryol. exp. Morph. 25: 213.Google ScholarPubMed
Pedernera, E. A. (1972). Adrenocorticotropic activity in vitro of the chick embryo pituitary gland. Gen. comp. Endocr. 19: 589.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perry, G. (1973). Can the physiologist measure stress? New Scient. 18th October, 175.Google Scholar
Piddington, R. (1970). Steroid control of the normal development of synthetase in the embryonic chick retina. J. Embryol. exp. Morph. 23: 729.Google ScholarPubMed
Riedel, G. (1973). The influence of the antibiotics aureomycin and moenomycin (flavomycin) on germfree chicks under stress conditions. In: Germfree Research, pp. 239243. Edit. Heneghan, J. B.New York, Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Siegel, H. S. (1971). Cold-induced necrosis in toes of chicks receiving daily dosage of adrenocorti-cotropin. Gen. comp. Endocr. 16: 281.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Siegel, H. S. and Siegel, P. B. (1966). Genetic variation in responses to repeated administrations ACTH and hydrocortisone in immature chickens. Poult. Sci. 45: 901.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sivaram, S. (1968). Histochemical studies on the developing adrenal gland of Gallus domesticus. Histochemie. 12: 316.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thaxton, P. and Briggs, D. M. (1972). Effect of immobilization and formaldehyde on immunological responsiveness in young chickens. Poult. Sci. 51: 342.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thaxton, P. and Siegel, H. S. (1973). Modification of high temperature and ACTH induced immunodepression by metyrapone. Poult. Sci. 52: 618.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Whitehead, C. C., Blair, R., Bannister, D. W. and Evans, A. J. (1975). The involvement of dietary fat and vitamins, strets, litter and starvation on the incidence of the fatty liver and kidney syndrome in chicks. Res. vet. Sci. 18: 100.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wise, P. M. and Frye, B. E. (1973). Functional development of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenal cortex axis in the chick embryo. Gallus domesticus. J. exp. Zool. 185: 277.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zachariasen, R. D. and Newcomer, W. S. (1975). Influence of corticosterone on the stress-induced elevation of phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase activity in the avian adrenal. Gen. comp. Endocr. 25: 332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar