Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T10:52:16.197Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The role of Astragalus membranaceus as immunomodulator in poultry

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 December 2018

M.R. FARAG  and
M. ALAGAWANY
M.R. FARAG*
Affiliation:
Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
M. ALAGAWANY
Affiliation:
Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
*
Corresponding author: [email protected], [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Astragalus membranaceus (AM) is a member of the family Leguminosae which has been widely used as immunomodulatory agent. Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) possess promising biological activities like immune enhancing, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, anti-microbial and anti-parasitic activities. Researchers have studied the immune enhancing activities of AM in birds and reported that APS and sulphated APS (4 or 8 mg/kg of body weight) showed immunomodulatory effects broiler chicks infected with lipopolysaccharide and modulated the resulting negative effects. AM powder supplementation in broiler feed at levels of 0, 100, 200 and 300 mg /kg diet increased the immune organs weight and IgG level and improved the liver and kidney functions and antioxidant status. Dietary APS (10 g/kg) promoted the growth rate and the histology of jejunum of offspring chickens. The addition of crude AM at 0.5% in laying hen feed for 21 days was able to improve the composition of faecal microorganisms. The following review describes the structure and chemical composition of AM and its immunomodulatory role in improving the health status of poultry and its mechanisms of action.

Keywords

Astragalus membranaceuspolysaccharidesnutraceuticalimmune systempoultry
Type
Review
Information
World's Poultry Science Journal , Volume 75 , Issue 1 , March 2019 , pp. 43 - 54
Copyright
Copyright © World's Poultry Science Association 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

ABDULLAHI, A.Y., KALLON, S., YU, I., ZHANG, Y. and LI, G. (2016) Vaccination with astragalus and ginseng polysaccharides improves immune response of chickens against h5n1 avian influenza virus. BioMed Research International 2016: doi.org/10.1155/2016/1510264.Google Scholar
CHEN, H., SHANG, Y., YAO, H., CUI, B., ZHANG, H., WANG, Z., JIN, H., LI, C. and JIN, N. (2011) Immune responses of chickens inoculated with a recombinant fowl pox vaccine co-expressing HA of H9N2 avian influenza virus and chicken IL-18. Antiviral Research 63: 50-56.Google Scholar
CHEN, X., CHEN, X., QIU, S., HU, Y., WANG, D., LIU, X., ZHAO, X., LIU, C. and CHEN, X. (2013) Adjuvanticity of compound astragalus polysaccharide and sulfated epimedium polysaccharide peros. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 62: 248-253.Google Scholar
CHEN, Y.K., WANG, D.Y., HU, Y.L., GUO, Z.H., WANG, J.M., ZHAO, X., FAN, Y.P., GUO, L.W., YANG, S.J., SAI, F.D. and XING, Y.J. (2010) Astragalus polysaccharide and oxymatrine can synergistically improve the immune efficacy of Newcastle disease vaccine in chicken. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 46: 425-428.Google Scholar
CHEN, Z., TAN, B.K. and CHAN, S.H. (2008) Activation of T lymphocytes by polysaccharide-protein complex from Lycium barbarum L. International Immunopharmacology 8: 1663-1671.Google Scholar
DELNESTE, Y., BEAUVILLAIN, C. and JEANNIN, P. (2007) Innate immunity: structure and function of TLRs. Medical Sciences (Paris) 23: 67-73.Google Scholar
DHAMA, K., KARTHIK, K., KHANDIA, R., MUNJAL, A., TIWARI, R., RANA, R., KHURANA, S.K., SANA ULLAH, , KHAN, R.U., ALAGAWANY, M., FARAG, M.R., DADAR, M. and JOSHI, S.K. (2018) Medicinal and therapeutic potential of herbs and plant metabolites / extracts countering viral pathogens - current knowledge and future prospects. Current Drug Metabolism 19: 236-263.Google Scholar
EL-SHAFEI, A.A., AL-GAMAL, M.A., ABDELRAHMAN, A.S. and ARAFA, M.M. (2013) Influence of different levels of astragalus root powder in broiler chick diets on the physiological and biochemical changes. Journal of Applied Sciences Research 9: 2104-2118.Google Scholar
FAN, Y., LU, Y., WANG, D., LIU, J., SONG, X., ZHANG, W., ZHAO, X., NGUYEN, T.L. and HU, Y. (2013) Effect of epimedium polysaccharide-propolis flavone immunopotentiator on immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide in chickens. Cell Immunology 281: 37-43.Google Scholar
FAN, Y., HU, Y., WANG, D., LIU, J., ZHANG, J., ZHAO, X., LIU, X., LIU, C., YUAN, J. and RUAN, S. (2012) Effects of Astragalus polysaccharide liposome on lymphocyte proliferationin vitro and adjuvanticity in vivo. Carbohydrate Polymers 88: 68-74.Google Scholar
GUO, F., QIAN, B.H. and ZHANG, L.Z. (2002) Modern Red Blood Cell Immunology. Second Military Medical University Press, hanghai. pp. 40-41, 61-62 (in Chinese).Google Scholar
GUO, F.C., WILLIAMS, B.A., KWAKKEL, R.P., LI, H.S, LI, S.P., LUO, J.Y., LI, W.K. and VERSTEGEN, M.W. (2004) Effects of mushroom and herb polysaccharides, as alternatives for an antibiotic, on the cecal microbial ecosystem in broiler chickens. Poultry Science 83: 175-182.Google Scholar
GUO, L., LIU, J., HU, Y., WANG, D., LI, Z., ZHANG, J., QIN, T., LIU, X., LIU, C., ZHAO, X., FAN, Y.P., HAN, G. and NGUYEN, T.L. (2012) Astragalus polysaccharide and sulfated epimedium polysaccharide synergistically resist the immunosuppression. Carbohydrate Polymers 90: 1055-1060.Google Scholar
HERBEIN, G. and O'BRIEN, W.A. (2000) Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and TNF receptors in viral pathogenesis” Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 223: 241-257.Google Scholar
HONG-QUAN, L., REEVE-JOHNSON, L. and JUN-DONG, W. (2007) Effect of Astragalus polysaccharides on Erythrocyte Immune Adherence of Chickens Inoculated with Infectious Bursa1 Disease Virus. Agricultural Sciences in China 6: 1402-1408.Google Scholar
HSIEH, C.S., MACATONIA, S.E., TRIPP, C.S., WOLF, S.F., O'GARRA, A. and MURPHY, K.M. (1993) Development of TH1 CD4+ T cells through IL-12 produced by Listeria-induced macrophages. Science 260: 547-549.Google Scholar
IBRAHIM, L.F., MARZOUK, M.M., HUSSEIN, S.R., KAWASHTY, S.A., MAHMOUD, K. and SALEH, N.A. (2013) Flavonoid constituents and biological screening of Astragalus bombycinus Boiss. Natural Production Research 27: 386-393.Google Scholar
JIA, R., CAO, L., XU, P., JENEY, G. and YIN, G. (2012) In vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of Astragalus polysaccharides against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatocyte damage in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 38: 871-881.Google Scholar
JIANG, J., WU, C., GAO, H., SONG, J. and LI, H. (2010) Effects of astragalus polysaccharides on immunologic function of erythrocyte in chickens infected with infectious bursa disease virus. Vaccine 28: 5614-5616.Google Scholar
KALLON, S., LI, X., JI, J., CHEN, C., XI, Q., CHANG, S., XUE, C., MA, J., XIE, Q. and ZHANG, Y. (2013) Astragalus polysaccharide enhances immunity and inhibits H9N2 avian influenza virus in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 4: 22.Google Scholar
KAWASAKI, T. and KAWAI, T. (2014) Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Frontier Immunology 5: 461.Google Scholar
LABZIN, L.I., LAUTERBACH, M.A. and LATZ, E. (2016) Interferons and inflammasomes: cooperation and counterregulation in disease. Journal of Allergy Clinical Immunology 138: 37-46.Google Scholar
LI, Y., LEI, X., YIN, Z., GUO, W., WU, S. and YANG, X. (2018b) Transgenerational effects of paternal dietary Astragalus polysaccharides on spleen immunity of broilers. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 115: 90-97.Google Scholar
LI, Y., LEI, X., YIN, Z., GUO, W., WU, S. and YANG, X. (2018a) Transgenerational endotoxin tolerance-like effect caused by paternal dietary Astragalus polysaccharides in broilers' jejunum. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 111: 769-779.Google Scholar
LI, B. and ZHANG, Y. (2009) Physiological function and application in prologue production of Astragalus. Animal Breeding and Feed 1: 4344.Google Scholar
LI, S.P., ZHAO, X.J. and WANG, J.Y. (2009) Synergy of Astragalus polysaccharides and probiotics (Lactobacillus and Bacillus cereus) on immunity and intestinal microbiota in chicks. Poultry Science 88: 519-525.Google Scholar
LIN, J., KANG, H., LIANG, J., FU, J., YU, Q. and YANG, Q. (2015) CpG oligonucleotides and Astragalus polysaccharides are effective adjuvants in cultures of avian bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells. British Poultry Science 56: 30-38.Google Scholar
LIN, L.Z., HE, X.G. and LINDENMAIER, M. (2000) Liquidchromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometrystudy of the lavonoids of the roots of Astragalus mongholicusand A. membranaceus. Journal of Chromatography A 876: 87-95.Google Scholar
LIU, L., SHEN, J., CHAO, Z., WANG, X., JUNHU, Y., YUESHENG, G. and XIAOJUN, Y. (2015) Dietary Astragalus polysaccharide alleviated immunological stress in broilers exposed to lipopolysaccharide. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 72: 624-632.Google Scholar
MIYAIKE, J., IWASAKI, Y., TAKAHASHI, A., SHIMOMURA, H., TANIGUCHI, H. and KOIDE, N. (2002) Regulation of circulating immune complexes by complement receptor type 1 on erythrocytes in chronic viral liver diseases. Liver Disease 51: 591-596.Google Scholar
OHIMAIN, E.I. and OFONGO, R.T.S. (2012) The effect of probiotic and prebiotic feed supplementation on chicken health and gut microflora: A review. International Journal of Animal Veterinary Advances 4: 135-143.Google Scholar
QIAO, H., ZHANG, L., HONGTAO, S.H., SONG, Y. and BIAN, C. (2018) Astragalus afects fecal microbial composition of young hens as determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. AMB Express 8: 70.Google Scholar
QIN, C., QIU, K., SUN, W., JIAO, N., ZHANG, X., CHE, L., ZHAO, H., SHEN, H. and YIN, J. (2016) A proteomic adaptation of small intestinal mucosa in response to dietary protein limitation. Science Reports 6: 36888.Google Scholar
QIU, Y., HU, Y.-L., DONG, F.-M., WANG, D.-Y. and ZHAO, Z.-Q. (2013) Effects of three Chinese herbal crude polysaccharides on immunoglobulin A secreting cells and serum antibody titers in vaccinated chickens. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health 5: 60-66.Google Scholar
QIU, Y., CUI, B.A., HU, Y.L., DONG, F.M. and ZHANG, H.Y. (2009) The effect of four kinds of polysaccharides on the mRNA expression of IL-4 and IFN-in chicken's lymphocytes. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences 2: 32-35.Google Scholar
QIU, Y., HU, Y.L., CUI, B.A., ZHANG, H.Y. and WANG, Y.G. (2007) Effects of Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide on immune efficacy of vaccine in chickens. Acta Veterinaria Et Zootechnica Sinica 38: 723-727.Google Scholar
SCHNEIDER, K., KLAAS, R., KASPERS, B. and STAEHELI, P. (2001) Chicken interleukin-6 cDNA structure and biological properties. European Journal of Biochemistry 268: 4200-4206.Google Scholar
SHAO, P., ZHAO, L.H., ZHI, C. and PAN, J.P. (2006) Regulation on maturation and function of dendritic cells by Astragalus mongholicus polysaccharides. International Immunopharmacology 6: 1161-1166.Google Scholar
SUN, Y. (2011) Structure and biological activities of the polysaccharides from the leaves, roots and fruits of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer: An overview. Carbohydrate Polymers 85: 490-499.Google Scholar
SUN, Y., XIE, X., HE, J., JIANG, J., NIU, R., BAI, Y. and LI, H. (2013) Enhancement of immune response for Newcastle disease vaccine using a combined adjuvant solution of Astragalus polysaccharides, levamisole, and selenoprotein. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 37: 516-522.Google Scholar
TANG, W. and EISENBRAND, G. (1992) Chinese Drugs of Plant Origin. Chemistry Pharmacology, and Use in Traditional and Modern Medicine, pp. 191-197. Springer Verlag, Berlin.Google Scholar
LATHEEF, S.K., AHMED, I., IQBAL, H.M., NTIWARI, R., BULE, M.H., DHAMA, K., SAMAD, H.A., KARTHIK, K., ALAGAWANY, M., EL-HACK, M.E.A., YATOO, M.I. and FARAG, M.R. (2018) Herbal immunomodulators, a remedial panacea for the designing and developing effective drugs and medicines: Current scenario and future prospects. Current Drug Metabolism 19: 264-301.Google Scholar
WANG, X., LIA, Y., SHENA, J., WANGA, S., YAOA, J. and YANGA, X. (2015) Effect of Astragalus polysaccharide and its sulfated derivative on growth performance and immune condition of lipopolysaccharide-treated broilers. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 76: 188-194.Google Scholar
WEI, W., XIAO, H.T., BAO, W.R., MA, D.L., LEUNG, C.H., HAN, X.Q., KO, C.H., LAU, C.B., WONG, C.K. and FUNG, K.P. (2016) TLR-4 may mediate signaling pathways of Astragalus polysaccha-ride RAP induced cytokine expression of RAW264.7 cells. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 179: 243-252.Google Scholar
WINDISCH, W., SCHEDLE, K., PLITZNER, C. and KROISMAYR, K. (2008) Use of phytogenic products as feed additives for swine and poultry. Journal of Animal Science 86 (E. Suppl.): E140-E148.Google Scholar
XI, N., KANG, J., HAO, L., LI, R., BAO, Y. and SHI, W. (2014) Effects of ultrafine powder of the stem and leaf of astragalus on immunity in chickens. Italian Journal of Animal Science 13: 3022.Google Scholar
YANG, Z.Y., QIN, H.B. and ZHU, Q. (2009) The effect of alcohol extract of Elaphurus davidianus horn on IL-2 and IFN-γ of normal mice. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 34: 1986-1988.Google Scholar
YIN, G., TANG, D., DAI, J., LIU, M., WU, M., SUN, Y.U., YANG, Z., HOFFMAN, R.M., LI, L. and ZHANG, S. (2015) Combination efficacy of astragalus membranaceus and curcuma wenyujin at different stages of tumor progression in an imageable orthotopic nude mouse model of metastatic human ovarian cancer expressing red fluorescent protein. Anticancer Research 35: 3193-3207.Google Scholar
YUAN, J., ROSHDY, A.R., GUO, Y., WANG, Y. and GUO, S. (2014) Effect of dietary vitamin a on reproductive performance and immune response of broiler breeders. PLoS One 9: 1-9.Google Scholar
ZHANG, J., XISHENG, X., CHEN, L. and PING, F. (2009) Systematic review of the renal protective effect of Astragalus membranaceus (root) on diabetic nephropathy in animal models. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 126: 189-196.Google Scholar
ZHANG, L.J., LIU, H.K., HSIAO, P.C., YANG, L.M., LEE, K.I.J., WU, T.S., CHIOU, W.F. and KUO, Y.H. (2011) New isoflavonoid glycosides and related constituents from astragali radix (Astragalus membranaceus) and their inhibitory activity on nitric oxide production. Journal of Agriculture Food Chemistry 59: 1131-1137.Google Scholar
ZHANG, P., LIUB, X., LIUA, H., WANGA, W., LIUA, X., LIA, X. and WU, A. (2017a) Astragalus polysaccharides enhance the immune response to avian infectious bronchitis virus vaccination in chickens. Microbial Pathogenesis 111: 81e85.Google Scholar
ZHANG, P., LIUB, X., LIUA, H., WANGA, W., LIUA, X., LIA, X. and WUA, I. (2018) Astragalus polysaccharides inhibit avian infectious bronchitis virus infection by regulating viral replication. Microbial Pathogenesis 114: 124-128.Google Scholar
ZHANG, R., YU, Q., SHI, G., LIU, R., ZHANG, W., ZHAO, X., LI, G. and GE, M. (2017b) chTLR4 pathway activation by polysaccharide in bursa of Fabricius. BMC Veterinary Research 13: 119 DOI 10.1186/s12917-017-1039-y.Google Scholar
ZHAO, C.T., WANG, E.T., ZHANG, Y.M., CHEN, W.F., SUI, X.H., CHEN, W.X., LIU, H.C. and ZHANG, X.X. (2012) Mesorhizobium silamurunense sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of Astragalus species. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 62: 2180-2186.Google Scholar
ZHU, W., HIGGS, B.W., MOREHOUSE, C., STREICHER, K., AMBROSE, C.S., WOO, J., KEMBLE, G.W., JALLAL, B. and YAO, Y.H. (2010) A whole genome transcriptional analysis of the early immune response induced by liver attenuated and inactivated influenza vaccines in young children. Vaccine 28: 2865-2876.Google Scholar