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Effect of intermittent lighting, light intensity and source on the performance and welfare of broilers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2007

J. Buyse ,
P.C.M. Simons ,
F.M.G. Boshouwers  and
E. Decuypere
J. Buyse
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Physiology and Immunology of Domestic Animals, Catholic University of Louvain, Kardinaal Mercierlaan 92, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
P.C.M. Simons
Affiliation:
Centre for Applied Poultry Research, Spelderholt 9, 7360 AA Beekbergen, The Netherlands
F.M.G. Boshouwers
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Sciences, R.U. Utrecht, Yalelaan 2, 3508 Utrecht, The Netherlands
E. Decuypere
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Physiology and Immunology of Domestic Animals, Catholic University of Louvain, Kardinaal Mercierlaan 92, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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Abstract

Broilers are currently reared under nearly continuous lighting (CL) schedules. However, the suitability of such lighting regimens may be questioned in terms of performance and welfare. This paper reviews the literature concerning the effects of intermittent lighting (IL) schedules on these issues. Final body weights at market age of broilers reared under IL schedules are equal to, or even higher than, those of broilers reared under CL schedules. However, endogenous (genotype and sex) and exogenous (dietary composition, feeder space, etc.) factors may interact with the lighting schedule. In contrast, feed conversion is consistently improved with IL, partly as a consequence of a more concave growth curve (initial growth depression followed by compensatory growth). Inconsistencies in the literature concerning the effect of IL on (abdominal) fat content and dressing yield are caused by interactions with other factors. However, it is clearly demonstrated that IL reduces leg abnormalities, in particular the incidence of twisted legs. Additional welfare benefits of IL are found in reduced physiological stress and improved eye condition. An increase in the amount of catching damage has been observed with IL, but this may be avoided by modifying light management before commencement of the catching operation. The importance of light is not restricted to the lighting schedule; aspects of the light quality are also important. Although the data related to light intensity are conflicting, it is generally recommended that an intensity of 51ux should be provided. Whilst fluorescent light does not affect broiler performance adversely, its lower use of electricity compared with incandescent lighting does reduce input costs. More research is needed to evaluate the impact of these qualitative aspects of lighting on poultry welfare.

Keywords

intermittent lightinglight intensityperformancewelfarebroilers
Type
Research Article
Information
World's Poultry Science Journal , Volume 52 , Issue 2 , July 1996 , pp. 121 - 130
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

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