Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T06:04:07.920Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Development of the digestive tract of poultry

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2007

David Sklan
David Sklan
Affiliation:
Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel76–100
Get access

Abstract

Hatching birds which have been dependent on the yolk for their energy supply during much of the embryonic period must undergo a rapid transition to utilising carbohydrate rich exogenous feed. This change is accompanied by the preferential growth of the small intestine and activation of digestive enzymes and absorption pathways. The ontogeny of these processes is described and includes the intense development immediately after hatching. The effect of delayed access to feed on intestinal development is also discussed.

Keywords

Chickgrowthintestineyolk absorption
Type
Research Article
Information
World's Poultry Science Journal , Volume 57 , Issue 4 , December 2001 , pp. 415 - 428
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2001

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Akiba, Y. and Murakami, H. (1995) Partitioning of energy and protein during early growth of broiler chicks and contribution of vitteline residue. Proceedings of the 10th European Symposium on Poultry NutritionAntalia, TurkeyGoogle Scholar
Anthony, N.B., Dunington, E.A. and Siegel, P.B. (1989) Embryo growth of normal and dwarf chickens from lines selected for high and low 56-day body weight. Archiv für Geflügelkunde 53: 116–122Google Scholar
Aumaitre, A. and Corring, T. (1978) Development of digestive enzymes in the piglet from birth to 8 weeks. Nutrition and Metabolism 22: 244–255Google Scholar
Baranylova, E. and Holman, J. (1976) Morphological changes in the intestinal wall in fed and fasted chickens in the first week after hatching. Acta Veterinaria Brno 45: 151–158Google Scholar
Bayer, R.R., Chawan, C.B., Bird, F.H. and Musgrave, S.D. (1975) Characteristics of the absorptive surface of the small intestine of the chicken from 1 day to 14 weeks of age. Poultry Science 54: 155–159CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burrin, D.G., Dudley, M.A., Reeds, P.J., Shulman, R.J., Perkinson, S. and Rosenber Ger, J. (1994) Feeding colostrum rapidly alters enzymatic activity and relative isoform abundance of jejunal lactase in neonatal pigs. Journal of Nutrition 124: 2350–2357CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cook, R.H. and Bird, F.H. (1973) Duodenal villus area and epithelial cellular migration in conventional and germ-free chicks. Poultry Science 52: 2276–2280CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cotgreave, I.A. and Schuppe-Koistinen, L. (1994) A role for gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in the transport of cystine into human endothelial cells: relationship to intracellular glutathione. Biochimia Biophysica Acta 1222: 375–382CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Esteban, S., Rayo, J., Moreno, M., Sastre, M., Rial, R. and Tur, J. (1991) The role played by the vitelline diverticulum in the yolk sac resorption in young post hatched chickens. Journal of Comparative Physiology B 160: 645–648CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferraris, R.P., Villenas, S.A. and Diamond, J. (1992) Regulation of brush border enzyme activites and enterocyte migration rates in mouse small intestine. American Journal of Physiology 262: G1047–G1059Google Scholar
Geyra, A., Uni, Z. and Sklan, D. (2001a) Enterocyte dynamics and mucosal development in the posthatch chick. Poultry Science 80: 776–782Google Scholar
Geyra, A., Uni, Z. and Sklan, D. (2001b) The effect of fasting at different ages on growth and tissue dynamics in the small intestine of the young chick. British Journal of Nutrition 86: 53–61CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Japundzic, I., Rakic-Stojiljkovic, L. and Levy, E. (1991) Selective inhibition of duodenal and jejunal villous cell alkaline phosphatase by the duodenal ulcerogen cysteamine. Scandinavian Journul of Gastroenterology 26: 523–534Google Scholar
Katanbaf, M.N., Dunnington, E.A. and Siegel, P.B. (1988) Allomorphic relationships from hatching to 56 days in parental lines and F1 crosses of chickens selected over 27 generations for high or low body weight. Growth Development and Aging 52: 11–22Google ScholarPubMed
Lambson, R. O. (1970) An electron microscopic study of the entodermal cells of the yolk sac of the chick during incubation and after hatching. American Journal of Anatomy 129: 1–20CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marchaim, U. and Kulka, R.G. (1967) The non-parallel increase of amylase, chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidase in the developing chick pancreas. Biochimia Biophysica Acta 146: 553–559Google Scholar
Noble, R.C. and Ogunyemi, D. (1989) Lipid changes in the residual yolk and liver of the chick immediately after hatching. Biology of the Neonate 56: 228–236CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noy, Y. and Sklan, D. (1995) Digestion and absorption in the young chick. Poultry Science 74: 366–373CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noy, Y. and Sklan, D. (1996) Uptake capacity for glucose, methionine and oleic acid in the proximal small intestine of posthatch chicks. Poultry Science 75: 998–1002Google Scholar
Noy, Y. and Sklan, D. (1998a) Yolk utilisation in the newly hatched poult. British Poultry Science 39: 446–451Google Scholar
Noy, Y. and Sklan, D. (1998b) Metabolic responses to early nutrition. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 7: 437–451CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noy, Y. and Sklan, D. (1999) Energy utilization in newly hatched chicks. Poultry Science 78: 1750–1756Google Scholar
Noy, Y., Uni, Z. and Sklan, D. (1996) Utilisation of yolk in the newly hatched chick. British Poultry Science 37: 987–995Google Scholar
Nunez, M.C., Bueno, J.D., Ayudarte, M.V., Almendros, A.V., Rios, A., Suarez, M.D., and Gol, A. (1996) Dietary restriction induces biochemical and morphometric changes in the small intestine of nursing piglets. Journal of Nutrition 126: 933–944CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Romanoff, A.L. (1960) The Avian Embryo. Macmillan, New York, pp. 1042–1081Google Scholar
Sell, J.L., Angel, C.R., Piquer, F.J., Mallarino, E.G. and Al-Batshan, H.J. (1991) Developmental patterns of selected characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract of young turkeys. Poultry Science 70: 1200–1205Google Scholar
Semenza, G. (1986) Anchoring and biosynthesis of stalked brush border membrane protein: glycosidases and peptidases of enterocytes and of renal tubuli. Annual Review of Cell Biology 2: 255–313Google Scholar
Shehata, A.T., Lerner, J. and Miller, D. (1981) Development of brush border membrane hexose transport system in chick jejunum. American Journal of Physiology 240: G102–108Google ScholarPubMed
Sklan, D. and Noy, Y. (2000) Hydrolysis and absorption in the intestine of newly hatched chicks. Poultry Science 79: 1306–1310CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevens, B.R., Kaunitz, J.D. and Wright, E.M. (1984) Intestinal transport of amino acids and sugars: advances using membrane vesicles. Annual Review of Physiology 46: 417–433CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sulistiyanto, B., Akiba, Y. and Sato, K. (1999) Energy utilisation of carbohydrate, fat and protein sources in newly hatched broiler chicks. British Poultry Science 40: 653–659CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Traber, P.G., Gumucio, D.L. and Wang, W. (1991) Isolation of intestinal epithelial cells for the study of differential gene expression along the crypt-villus axis. American Journal of Physiology 260: G895–903Google Scholar
Uni, Z., Noy, Y. and Sklan, D. (1995) Post hatch changes in morphology and function of the small intestines in heavy and light strain chicks. Poultry Science 74: 1622–1629CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uni, Z., Noy, Y. and Sklan, D. (1996) Developmental parameters of the small intestines in heavy and light strain chicks pre and post-hatch. British Poultry Science 36: 63–71CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uni, Z., Ganot, S. and Sklan, D. (1998a) Posthatch development of mucosal function in the broiler small intestine. Poultry Science 77: 75–82Google Scholar
Uni, Z., Platin, R. and Sklan, D. (1998b) Cell proliferation in chicken intestinal epithelium occurs both in the crypt and along the villus. Journal of Comparative Physiology B 168: 241–247Google Scholar
Uni, Z., Noy, Y. and Sklan, D. (1999) Posthatch development of small intestinal function in the poult. Poultry Science 78: 215–222Google Scholar
Wieser, M.M. (1973) Intestinal epithelial cell surface membrane glycoprotein synthesis. Journal of Biological Chemistry 248: 2536–2541CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamauchi, K., Kamisoyama, H. and Isshiki, Y. (1996) Effects of fasting and refeeding on structures of the intestinal villi and epithelial cells in White Leghorn hens. British Poultry Science 37: 909–921CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed