Published online by Cambridge University Press: 18 July 2011
There is a feeling abroad today that Western civilization is on trial before history. One of the clearest signs of it is the increasing frequency with which we hear the word “challenge” in connection with the policies and progress of Soviet Russia and the Communist world at large. The challenge of the sputniks, of Soviet science and education, of Soviet economic development—these phrases, and variations on them, have recently grown all too familiar in America and Europe. We realize, of course, that the situation is not wholly a dark one for the West, that our Communist adversaries have serious internal problems of their own to contend with, that they too face some challenges. Still, nowadays few in the West find grounds for complacency in that fact.
1 See, for example, Marx's statement that “The existence of revolutionary ideas in a particular period presupposes me existence of a revolutionary class” (Marx, K. and Engels, F., The German Ideology, New York, 1939, p. 40).Google Scholar
2 New York Times, November 7, 1958 (italics added).
3 Selected Works, Moscow, 1947, Vol. 11, p. 854.
4 Ibid., pp. 853, 854.
5 Weidle, Wladimir, Russia: Absent and Present, New York, 1952, p. 44.Google Scholar
6 Carr, E. H., Socialism in One Country, 1924–1926, New York, 1958, p. 60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7 Lenin, , op.cit., p. 44.Google Scholar
8 Ekonomika perekhodnogo perioda (Economics of the transition period), Moscow, 1920, p. 153.
9 Voprosy Leninizma (Problems of Leninism), Moscow, 1947, pp. 431, 432–33.
10 Materialy vsesoyuznogo soveshchaniya zaveduyushchikh kafedrami obshchest-vennykji nauk (Materials of the All-Union Conference of Heads of Chairs of Social Science), Moscow, 1958, pp. 184–85.
11 Ibid., pp. 188–90.
12 Ibid., pp. 190–91.
13 Ibid., p. 192.
14 See particularly Maxim Saburov's speech of recantation at the recent 21st Soviet Party Congress, in which he stated that the “anti-Party group” opposed Soviet “assistance to underdeveloped countries.”
15 Pravda, July 9, 1958.
16 Op.cit., p. 192.
17 Pravda, January 28, 1959 (italics added).