Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T00:19:58.624Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Harmonically terminated high-power rectifier for wireless power transfer

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2016

Aasrith Ganti ,
Jenshan Lin ,
Raul A. Chinga  and
Shuhei Yoshida
Aasrith Ganti*
Affiliation:
Philips Healthcare, 3545 47th Avenue, Gainesville, Florida 32608, USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
Jenshan Lin
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
Raul A. Chinga
Affiliation:
Space Systems Loral, Palo Alto, California, USA
Shuhei Yoshida
Affiliation:
Radio Application, Guidance and Electro-Optics Div., Integrated Undersea Warfare Systems Development and Promotion Program, NEC Corporation, Tsukuba, Japan
*
Corresponding author:A. Ganti Email: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

The paper presents a simplified analysis of harmonically terminated rectifier circuit and experimental results of a Schottky diode rectifier with even and odd harmonic terminations. The analysis is based on the Fourier series expansion of the voltage and current across the diode circuit. Harmonic terminations similar to the techniques used for power amplifiers are studied. A maximum efficiency of 84% at 30 dBm is obtained with second- and third-order harmonics terminated. The optimum value of dc load to maximize efficiency is obtained by sweeping the load. An optimal operating range of 28–35 dBm is obtained. The applications of the rectifier in wireless charging and power transfer systems are discussed.

Keywords

Wireless powerRectifierHarmonically terminatedHigh efficiency high power rectifier
Type
Research Article
Information
Wireless Power Transfer , Volume 3 , Issue 2 , September 2016 , pp. 75 - 82
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

[1] Tesla, N.: Experiments with alternate currents of very high frequency and their application to methods of artificial illumination. Trans. Am. Inst. Electr. Eng., VIII (1) (1891), 266–319.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[2] Brown, W.C.; Eves, E.E.: Beamed microwave power transmission and its application to space. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., 40 (6) (1992), 1239–1250.Google Scholar
[3] Shinohara, N.; Matsumoto, H.: Experimental study of large rectenna array for microwave energy transmission. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., 46 (3) (1998), 261–268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[4] Shinohara, N.: Power without wires. IEEE Microw. Mag., 12 (7) (2011), S64–S73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[5]IEEE SA – C95.1-2005 – IEEE standard for safety levels with respect to human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz [Online]. https://standards.ieee.org/findstds/standard/C95.1-2005.html (accessed 22 June 2015).Google Scholar
[6] Raab, F.H.: Class-E, class-C, and class-F power amplifiers based upon a finite number of harmonics. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., 49 (8) (2001), 1462–1468.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[7] Yoshida, S.; Tanomura, M.; Chen, W.: A 13.56 MHz rectifier with efficiency-improving harmonic-termination circuit for wireless power transmission systems, in 9th European Radar Conf., 2012, 888–891.Google Scholar
[8] Fu, M.; Zhang, T.; Zhu, X.; Ma, C.: A 13.56 MHz wireless power transfer system without impedance matching networks, in IEEE Wireless Power Transfer Conf., 2013, 222–225.Google Scholar
[9] Liou, C.; Lee, M.; Huang, S.; Mao, S.: High-power and high-efficiency RF Rectifiers using series and parallel power-dividing networks and their applications to wirelessly powered devices. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., 61 (1) (2013), 616–624.Google Scholar
[10] Hosain, M.K.; Kouzani, A.Z.: Design and analysis of efficient rectifiers for wireless power harvesting in DBS devices, in Proc. 2013 IEEE Eighth Conf. on Industrial. Electronics and Application ICIEA 2013, 2013, 651–655.Google Scholar
[11] Noda, A.; Shinoda, H.: Compact class-F RF-DC converter with antisymmetric dual-diode configuration, in IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Digest, 2012, 8–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[12] Roberg, M.; Reveyrand, T.; Ramos, I.; Falkenstein, E.A.; Popovic, Z.: High-efficiency harmonically terminated diode and transistor rectifiers. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., 60 (12) (2012), 4043–4052.Google Scholar
[13] Kang, J.H.; Park, H.G.; Jang, J.H.; Lee, K.Y.: A design of wide input range, high efficiency rectifier for mobile wireless charging receiver, in IEEE Wireless Power Transfer Conf. 2014, IEEE WPTC 2014, 2014, 154–157.Google Scholar
[14] Guo, J.; Zhang, H.; Zhu, X.: Theoretical analysis of RF-DC conversion efficiency for class-F rectifiers. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., 62 (1) (2014), 977–985.Google Scholar
[15] Wang, D.; Negra, R.: Design of a rectifier for 2.45 GHz wireless power transmission, in 2012 8th Conf. on Ph.D. Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME), 2012, 187–190.Google Scholar
[16] Brown, W.C.: The history of power transmission by radio waves. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., 32 (9) (1984), 1230–1242.Google Scholar
[17] Dickinson, R.M.: Performance of a high-power, 2.388-GHz rectifying array in wireless power transmission over 1.54 km, in IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp., 1976, 139–141.Google Scholar
[18] Fu, M.; Ma, C.; Zhu, X.: A cascaded boost – buck converter for high-efficiency wireless power transfer systems. IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf., 10 (3) (2014), 1972–1980.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[19] Grebennikov, A.: Load network design technique for class F and inverse class FPAs. High Freq. Electron., 10 (5) (2011), 58–76.Google Scholar
[20] Grebennikov, A.; Sokal, N.O.; Franco, M.J.: Power amplifier design principles, in Switch. RF Microw. Power Amplifiers (2nd Edn.), 2012, 1–82.Google Scholar
[21] Hemour, S. et al. : Towards low-power high-efficiency RF and microwave energy harvesting. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., 62 (4) (2014), 965–976.Google Scholar
[22] Karalis, A.; Joannopoulos, J.D.; Soljačić, M.: Efficient wireless non-radiative mid-range energy transfer. Ann. Phys. (NY), 323 (1) (2008), 34–48.Google Scholar
[23] Kurs, A.; Karalis, A.; Moffatt, R.; Joannopoulos, J.D.; Fisher, P.; Soljačić, M.: Wireless power transfer via strongly coupled magnetic resonances. Science, 317 (5834) (2007), 83–86.Google Scholar
[24] Le, T.; Mayaram, K.; Fiez, T.: Efficient far-field radio frequency energy harvesting for passively powered sensor networks. IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, 43 (5) (2008), 1287–1302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[25] Low, Z.N.; Chinga, R.A.; Tseng, R.; Lin, J.: Design and test of a high-power high-efficiency loosely coupled planar wireless power transfer system. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., 56 (5) (2009), 1801–1812.Google Scholar
[26] Pozar, D.M.: Microwave and RF Design of Wireless Systems, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2000.Google Scholar
[27] Raab, F.H.: Class-F power amplifiers with maximally flat waveforms. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., 45 (11) (1997), 2007–2012.Google Scholar
[28] Reveyrand, T.; Ramos, I.; Popović, Z.: Time-reversal duality of high-efficiency RF power amplifiers. Electron. Lett., 48 (25) (2012), 1607–1608.Google Scholar
[29] Sokal, N.O.: Class-E RF power amplifiers. QEX Commun. Quart, 204 (2001), 9–20.Google Scholar
[30] Suslov, S.K.: Introduction of Basic Fourier Series, Springer, 2003.Google Scholar
[31] Takahashi, K. et al. : GaN Schottky diodes for microwave power rectification. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 48 (4S) (2009), 04C095.Google Scholar
[32] Tsang, K.S.: Class-F Power Amplifier with Maximized PAE, Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo, 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar