Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T00:18:55.705Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Tractor Wheel Traffic Effects on Weed Emergence in Central Iowa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Thomas W. Jurik  and
Shuyu Zhang
Thomas W. Jurik*
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
Shuyu Zhang
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The effects of tracking by tractor wheels on the emergence of common weed species of central Iowa were studied near Ames, IA, in 1996 and 1997. Seedling emergence in tracked and nontracked interrow areas, soil water content, and soil temperature were monitored for 8 to 10 wk after planting of soybean (Glycine max). Compared to nontracked interrow areas, a single wheel-tracking pass at crop planting increased the cumulative number of seedlings of giant (Setaria faberi) and yellow foxtails (S. glauca) by 187%, common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) by 102%, and common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) by 30%. There was little effect of wheel traffic on velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) emergence. After planting, soil water content to a depth of 5 cm was higher in tracked areas than in nontracked areas, but after 6 wk there was no difference. Soil temperature at 4- to 5-cm depth was similar in tracked and nontracked interrows. Compaction from wheel traffic apparently did not create a physical impediment to emergence; rather, it altered micro-environmental conditions in ways that stimulated weed germination and emergence.

Keywords

Common lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. ♯ CHEALcommon waterhemp, Amaranthus rudis Sauer ♯ AMATAgiant foxtail, Setaria faberi Herrm. ♯ SETFAvelvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medic. ♯ ABUTHyellow foxtail, Setaria glauca (L). Beauv. ♯ SETLUsoybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.Soil compactionSetaria spp.ABUTHAMATACHEALSETFASETLUNT, nontracked interrowWT, wheel-tracked interrows
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 13 , Issue 4 , December 1999 , pp. 741 - 746
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Bisal, F. and Nielsen, K. F. 1967. Effect of frost action on the size of soil aggregates. Soil Sci. 104:268–272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blake, G. R., Nelson, W. W., and Allmaras, R. R. 1976. Persistence of subsoil compaction in a Mollisol. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 40:943–948.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boone, F. R. and Veen, B. W. 1994. Mechanisms of crop responses to soil compaction. In Soane, B. D. and van Ouwerkerk, C., eds. Soil Compaction in Crop Production. Elsevier Science B. V. pp. 237–264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buhler, D. D. and Mester, T. C. 1991. Effect of tillage systems on the emergence depth of giant (Setaria faberi) and green foxtail (Setaria viridis). Weed Sci. 39:200–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dekker, J. and Meggitt, W. F. 1986. Field emergence of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) in relation to time and burial depth. Iowa State J. Res. 61:65–80.Google Scholar
Fausey, N. R. and Dylla, A. S. 1984. Effects of wheel traffic along one side of corn and soybean rows. Soil Tillage Res. 4:147–154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gemtos, T. A. and Lellis, T. 1997. Effects of soil compaction, water and organic matter contents on emergence and initial plant growth of cotton and sugar beet. J. Agric. Eng. Res. 66:121–134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goyal, M. R. 1982. Soil crusts vs. seedling emergence: review. Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America 13:62–75.Google Scholar
Grath, T. 1996. Effects of agricultural machinery traffic on pea growth and penetration resistance in subsoil. . Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden.Google Scholar
Grath, T. and Hakansson, I. 1992. Effect of soil compaction on development and nutrient uptake of peas. Swedish J. Agric. Res. 22:13–17.Google Scholar
Kollman, G. E. 1968. Influence of soil compaction on weed seedling emergence. M.S. thesis. Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 61 p.Google Scholar
Liebig, M. A., Jones, A. J., Mielke, L. N., and Doran, J. W. 1993. Controlled wheel traffic effects on soil properties in ridge tillage. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 57:1061–1066.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKyes, E., Douglas, E., Taylor, F., and Raghavan, V. 1979. The effect of machinery traffic and tillage operations on the physical properties of a clay and on yield of silage corn. J. Agric. Eng. Res. 24:143–148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mester, T. C. and Buhler, D. D. 1991. Effects of soil temperature, seed depth, and cyanazine on giant foxtail (Setaria faberi) and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) seedling development. Weed Sci. 39:204–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Phillips, R. E. and Kirkham, D. 1962. Soil compaction in the field and corn growth. Agron. J. 54:29–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollard, F. and Webster, R. 1978. The persistence of the effects of simulated tractor wheeling on sandy loam subsoil. J. Agric. Eng. Res. 23:217–220.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raghavan, G.S.V. and McKyes, E. 1978. Effect of vehicular traffic on soil moisture content in corn (maize) plots. J. Agric. Eng. Res. 23:429–439.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raghavan, G.S.V., McKyes, E., Gendron, G., Borglum, B. K., and Le, H. H. 1978. Effects of tire contact pressure on corn yield. Can. Agric. Eng. 20:34–37.Google Scholar
Sheesley, R., Grimes, D. W., McClellan, W. D., Summers, C. G., and Marble, V. 1974. Influence of wheel traffic on yield and stand longevity of alfalfa. Calif. Agric. 28:6–8.Google Scholar
Soane, B. D., Dickson, J. W., and Campbell, D. J. 1982. Compaction by agricultural vehicles: a review. III. Incidence and control of compaction in crop production. Soil Tillage Res. 2:3–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stout, B. A., Buchele, W. F., and Snyder, F. 1961. Effect of soil compaction on seedling emergence under simulated field conditions. Agric. Eng. 42:68–71.Google Scholar
Vorhees, W. B. 1977. Soil compaction: how it influences moisture, temperature, yield, root growth. Crops Soils Mag. 29:7–10.Google Scholar
Vorhees, W. B. and Hendrick, J. G. 1977. Compaction: good and bad effects on energy needs. Crops Soils Mag. 29:11–13.Google Scholar
Vorhees, W. B., Senst, C. G., and Nelson, W. W. 1978. Compaction and soil structure modification by wheel traffic in the northern corn belt. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 42:344–349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar