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Spring-applied triclopyr mixtures for bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) suppression in Louisiana sugarcane

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2021

Douglas J. Spaunhorst Open the ORCID record for Douglas J. Spaunhorst [Opens in a new window]
Douglas J. Spaunhorst*
Affiliation:
Research Agronomist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Sugarcane Research Unit, Houma, LA, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Douglas J. Spaunhorst, USDA-ARS, SRU, 5883 USDA Road, Houma, LA70360 Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Sugarcane infested with bermudagrass and harvested as seed cane introduces the potential for weedy propagules to reinfest fields. Research was conducted in 2018 and 2019 following sugarcane harvest for seed cane to evaluate bermudagrass management with photosystem II (PSII)- and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)–inhibiting herbicides applied alone or mixed with triclopyr. Combinations of diuron at 2.8 kg ha–1 with clomazone at 1.5 kg ha–1 or triclopyr at 1.1 kg ha–1 and hexazinone at 0.74 kg ha–1 with triclopyr applied early POST (EPOST) in mid-February injured bermudagrass 85% to 86%, and injury was greater than diuron or hexazinone alone (16% and 10%) in mid-March. Bermudagrass injury decreased to 45% to 56% for these combination treatments by April; however, injury differences were similar to the earlier rating. Late POST (LPOST) mid-March application of these treatments indicated similar bermudagrass injury trends when evaluated in early April. By mid-May, however, no treatment resulted in greater than 18% bermudagrass injury. Clomazone plus diuron applied LPOST resulted in 19% sugarcane injury by early April; however, all other treatments resulted in 7% sugarcane injury or less. In mid-May, a mid-April EPOST application of topramezone at 0.025 kg ha–1 plus triclopyr at 1.1 kg ha–1 resulted in 62% bermudagrass injury, which was equivalent to that observed with other topramezone rates in this combination (0.012 and 0.037 kg ha–1) (54% to 60%). Bermudagrass injury from triclopyr mixed with mesotrione (32%) or triclopyr mixed with atrazine, mesotrione, and S-metolachlor (47% to 55%) resulted in bermudagrass injury similar to that with topramezone plus triclopyr (54% to 62%). Data showed the flexibility of triclopyr when mixed with several HPPD- or PSII-inhibitor herbicides for bermudagrass management in a Louisiana sugarcane cropping system. Greater flexibility in application timing for HPPD-inhibitor herbicides than for PSII-inhibitor herbicides (diuron or hexazinone), and mixed with triclopyr, may suppress bermudagrass POST in April and May with minimal sugarcane injury.

Keywords

AtrazineclomazonediuronhexazinonemesotrioneS-metolachlortopramezonetriclopyrbermudagrassCynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.sugarcaneSaccharum spp. interspecific hybridsHPPD-inhibitor herbicidesmixturesperennial weedsPSII-inhibitor herbicidessynthetic auxinweed interference
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 35 , Issue 4 , August 2021 , pp. 589 - 597
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Daniel Stephenson, Louisana State University Agricultural Center

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