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Sequential Sulfometuron Methyl Applications in Eucalyptus benthamii Plantations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Anna Osiecka  and
Patrick J. Minogue
Anna Osiecka
Affiliation:
North Florida Research and Educational Center, University of Florida, 155 Research Road, Quincy, FL 32351
Patrick J. Minogue*
Affiliation:
North Florida Research and Educational Center, University of Florida, 155 Research Road, Quincy, FL 32351
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

A study was conducted to refine herbicide rates for sequential applications of sulfometuron methyl over newly planted Eucalyptus benthamii seedlings in the Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States. Container-grown, 6-wk-old seedlings were planted in July 2011 on a nonbedded agricultural site in Quincy, FL and on a bedded forestry site in Wing, AL. Treatments included a single sulfometuron application at 13, 26, 39, or 52 g ha−1, 2 wk after planting; sequential applications at the same rates, 2 and 8 wk after planting; and a nontreated check. All sulfometuron treatments provided effective control of all vegetation groups at both sites, with the exception of 13 g ha−1 for forbs in Quincy. Sparse weed cover in Wing was eliminated by any sulfometuron treatment. In Quincy, two applications provided better weed control than a single one, resulting in more bare ground and less grass and vines. Bare ground increased with increasing sulfometuron rate from 0 to 26 g ha−1. The 26 g ha−1 rate resulted in 95 and 88% bare ground 6 and 12 wk after the first application, respectively, compared to 62 and 51%, respectively for the nontreated check. All sulfometuron treatments had a small positive effect on Eucalyptus seedling growth at the Quincy site, resulting in greater stem diameter (6.0 to 6.7 mm) than the nontreated check (5.0 mm), despite slight foliar necrosis. At the Wing site, in addition to slight foliar necrosis, sulfometuron decreased final seedling survival, height, and stem diameter (48 to 68%, 77.8 to 81.6 cm, and 8.7 to 9.2 mm, respectively), compared to the nontreated check (99%, 88.3 cm and 11.2 mm, respectively). Two sulfometuron applications at 13 to 26 g ha−1 provided selective weed control at both sites, but further refinement is needed for various Eucalyptus genotypes, soil, and vegetation types.

Se realizó un estudio para refinar las dosis de herbicida para aplicaciones secuenciales de sulfometuron methyl sobre plántulas de Eucalyptus benthamii recién plantadas en las planicies de la costa del sureste de los Estados Unidos. Plántulas de 6 semanas de edad, crecidas en contenedores, fueron plantadas en Julio 2011 en un terreno agrícola sin camas de siembra en Quincy, Florida, y en un terreno forestal con camas de siembra en Wing, Alabama. Los tratamientos incluyeron una aplicación sencilla de sulfometuron a 13, 26, 39, ó 52 g ha−1, 2 semanas después de la siembra; aplicaciones secuenciales a las mismas dosis, 2 y 8 semanas después de la siembra; y un testigo sin tratamiento. Todos los tratamientos de sulfometuron brindaron un control efectivo de todos los grupos de vegetación en ambos terrenos, con excepción de 13 g ha−1 para el control de especies herbáceas de hoja ancha, en Quincy. En Wing, cualquiera de los tratamientos de sulfometuron eliminó malezas con cobertura escaza. En Quincy, dos aplicaciones brindaron un mejor control de malezas que una sola aplicación, lo que resultó en más suelo desnudo y menos gramíneas y enredaderas. El suelo desnudo aumentó con el incremento de la dosis de sulfometuron de 0 a 26 g ha−1. La dosis de 26 g ha−1 resultó en 95 y 88% de suelo desnudo a 6 y 12 semanas después de la primera aplicación, respectivamente, al comparase con 62 y 51%, respectivamente del testigo sin tratamiento. Todos los tratamientos de sulfometuron tuvieron un pequeño efecto positivo en el crecimiento de las plántulas de Eucalyptus en Quincy, lo que resultó en un diámetro de tallo mayor (6.0 a 6.7 mm) que el testigo sin tratamiento (5.0 mm), a pesar de que hubo una ligera necrosis foliar. En Wing, además de la ligera necrosis foliar, sulfometuron disminuyó la sobrevivencia final, la altura, y el diámetro de tallo (48 a 68%, 77.8 a 81.6 cm, y 8.7 a 9.2 mm, respectivamente), al compararse con el testigo sin tratamiento (99%, 88.3 cm y 11.2 mm, respectivamente). Dos aplicaciones de sulfometuron a 13 y 26 g ha−1 brindaron control de malezas selectivo, pero se necesitan aún más refinamientos para varios genotipos de Eucalyptus, y tipos de suelo y vegetación.

Keywords

Sulfometuron methylcamden white gum, Nepean River gum, Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden & CambageHerbicide injurypostplant applicationsselective herbicidessequential applicationsweed control
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 29 , Issue 2 , June 2015 , pp. 243 - 254
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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