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Response of Teff, Barnyardgrass, and Broadleaf Weeds to Postemergence Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

O. Steven Norberg  and
Joel Felix
O. Steven Norberg*
Affiliation:
Oregon State University, Malheur County Extension Office, 710 SW 5th Avenue, Ontario, OR 97914
Joel Felix
Affiliation:
Oregon State University, Malheur Experiment Station, 595 Onion Avenue, Ontario, OR 97914
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Teff is a warm-season C4 annual grass crop grown for forage and food grain that has recently increased in production in parts of the United States. Hay from teff is well suited for livestock, especially horses. The objective of this study was to evaluate teff and weed response to selected herbicides in field studies conducted at the Malheur Experiment Station, Ontario, OR in 2009 and 2010. Herbicides were applied POST when teff was at the four-leaf stage. Broadleaf weed control at 21 d after treatment was greater than 91% across herbicide treatments. Only the premix of 2.5 g ai ha−1 florasulam + 99 g ae ha−1 fluroxypyr + 15 g ai ha−1 pyroxsulam provided acceptable control of barnyardgrass. Due primarily to barnyardgrass competition, teff treated with a premix of 2.5 g ha−1 florasulam + 99 g ha−1 fluroxypyr + 15 g ha−1 pyroxsulam produced 7,200 kg ha−1 of teff hay compared with 4,800 kg ha−1 of teff hay for 2,4-D and dicamba and 4,200 kg ha−1 teff hay when no herbicides were used. Teff grain production was greater with 2.5 g ha−1 florasulam + 99 g ha−1 fluroxypyr + 15 g ha−1 pyroxsulam compared with any of the other treatments. The use of a premix of florasulam + fluroxypyr + pyroxsulam would improve broadleaf and grass weed control in ‘Tiffany' and ‘Dessie' teff varieties, improve hay and grain yield, and reduce production costs.

Teff es un pasto anual C4 de clima cálido que se produce para forraje y grano cuya producción se ha incrementado recientemente en diversas partes de Estados Unidos. El heno de teff es apropiado para ganado, y especialmente para caballos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la respuesta del teff y las malezas a varios herbicidas, en estudios de campo realizados en la Estación Experimental Malheur, Ontario, Oregon, en 2009 y 2010. Los herbicidas fueron aplicados POST cuando el teff tenía cuatro hojas. El control de malezas de hoja ancha a 21 d después del tratamiento fue superior a 91% en todos los tratamientos. Solamente la pre-mezcla de 2.5 g ai ha−1 de florasulam + 99 g ae ha−1 de fluroxypyr + 15 g ai ha−1 de pyroxsulam brindó control aceptable de Echinochloa crus-galli. Debido principalmente a la competencia de E. crus-galli, teff tratado con una pre-mezcla de 2.5 g ai ha−1 de florasulam + 99 g ae ha−1 de fluroxypyr + 15 g ai ha−1 de pyroxsulam produjo 7,200 kg ha−1 de heno de teff comparado con 4,800 kg ha−1 de heno de teff con 2,4-D y dicamba, y 4,200 kg ha−1 de heno de teff cuando no se usaron herbicidas. La producción de grano de teff fue mayor con 2.5 g ai ha−1 de florasulam + 99 g ae ha−1 de fluroxypyr + 15 g ai ha−1 de pyroxsulam al compararse con cualquiera de los otros tratamientos. El uso de una pre-mezcla de florasulam + fluroxypyr + pyroxsulam mejoraría el control de malezas de hoja ancha y gramíneas en las variedades de teff ‘Tiffany' y ‘Dessie', mejorando el rendimiento de heno y grano, y reduciendo los costos de producción.

Keywords

Carfentrazonedicambaflorasulamfluroxypyrpyroxsulam2,4-D aminebarnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.common lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L.common purslane, Portulaca oleracea L.hairy nightshade, Solanum physalifolium Rusbyredroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus L.Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri (S.) Wats.teff, Eragrostis tef [Zucc.] ‘Dessie', Eragrostis tef [Zucc.] ‘Tiffany’Crop toleranceherbicide injuryteff injuryweed controlweed management
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 28 , Issue 2 , June 2014 , pp. 371 - 376
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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