Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-02T21:33:03.606Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Reduced Tillage, Rye Residues, and Herbicides Influence Weed Suppression and Yield of Pumpkins

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Heidi S. Rapp ,
Robin R. Bellinder ,
H. Chris Wien  and
Francoise M. Vermeylen
Heidi S. Rapp*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
Robin R. Bellinder
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
H. Chris Wien
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
Francoise M. Vermeylen
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of various tillage and mulching practices on fruit maturity and weed suppression in pumpkins. Conventional tillage (CT), disking, no tillage with rye removed (RR), no tillage with standing rye (SR), and strip tillage (ST) were evaluated with and without ethalfluralin plus halosulfuron (1.5 plus 0.036 kg ai/ha, respectively) applied preemergence. In 2001, when heavy rain after herbicide application caused significant crop injury, the herbicides delayed maturity and significantly reduced yields of mature pumpkins within each herbicide treatment, total yields did not differ with tillage. In 2002, weed populations were significantly greater than those in 2001, and in 2002, regardless of herbicides, yields of mature fruit were greater in tillage treatments with higher rye residues (SR, ST). Although weed populations were less in one year than the other, herbicides provided effective control in both seasons, and RR, ST, and SR effectively suppressed weeds compared with CT. Averaged over treatments, greater yield losses were attributable to weed competition (42%) in 2002 than to herbicide injury (32%) in 2001.

Keywords

Ethalfluralinhalosulfuronpumpkin, Cucurbita pepo L. var. ‘Howden’winter rye, Secale cereale L.Conservation tillagecover cropdiskno tillstrip tillCT, conventional tillageD, diskingOM, organic matterRR, no tillage with rye removedSR, no tillage with standing ryeST, strip tillageWAP, weeks after planting.
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 18 , Issue 4 , December 2004 , pp. 953 - 961
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Anonymous. 1999. Curbit® EC herbicide. Greeley, CO: Platte Chemical. 3 p.Google Scholar
Anonymous. 2002. Sandea® herbicide. Yuma, AZ: Gowan. 13 p.Google Scholar
Blevins, R. L., Cook, D., Phillips, S. H., and Phillips, R. E. 1971. Influence of no-tillage on soil moisture. Agron. J 63:593–596.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blevins, R. L., Smith, M. S., Thomas, G. W., and Frye, W. W. 1983. Influence of conservative tillage on soil properties. J. Soil Water Conserv 38:301–304.Google Scholar
Bottenburg, H., Masiunas, J., Eastman, C., and Eastburn, D. 1997. Yield and quality constraints of cabbage planted in rye mulch. Biol. Agric. Hortic 14:323–342.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, D. and Masiunas, J. 2002. Evaluation of herbicides for pumpkin (Cucurbita spp). Weed Technol. 16:282–292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Darmstadt, G. 1979. Weed control in selected cucurbits with ethalfluralin. Proc. Calif. Weed Conf 31:43–50.Google Scholar
Everts, K. L. 2002. Reduced fungicide applications and host resistance for managing three diseases in pumpkin grown on a no-till cover crop. Plant Dis 86:1134–1141.Google Scholar
Galloway, B. A. and Weston, L. A. 1996. Influence of cover crop and herbicide treatment on weed control and yield in no-till sweet corn (Zea mays L.) and pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima Duch). Weed Technol. 10:341–346.Google Scholar
Grey, T. L., Bridges, D. C., and NeSmith, D. S. 2000. Tolerance of cucurbits to the herbicides clomazone, ethalfluralin, and pendimethalin. I. Summer squash. Hortscience 35:632–636.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoyt, G. D. 1999. Tillage and cover crop residue affects on vegetable yields. Horttechnology 9:351–358.Google Scholar
Hume, R. J. and Lovell, P. H. 1983. The control of sex expression in cucurbits by ethephon. Ann. Bot 52:689–695.Google Scholar
Knavel, D. E. and Herron, J. W. 1986. Response of vegetable crops to nitrogen rates in tillage systems with and without vetch and ryegrass. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci 111:502–507.Google Scholar
Kupatt, C., Ilnicki, R. D., and Vitolo, D. B. 1983. Weed control in winter squash with some old and new herbicides. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc 37:145–149.Google Scholar
Lal, R. 1976. No-tillage effects on soil properties under different crops in western Nigeria. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 40:762–768.Google Scholar
Lanfranconi, L. E., Bellinder, R. R., and Wallace, R. W. 1993. Grain rye residues and weed control strategies in reduced tillage potatoes. Weed Technol. 7:23–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mervosh, T. L. 2000. Weed control in pumpkins with preemergence herbicides or a killed rye mulch. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc 54:122.Google Scholar
Mohler, C. L. and Teasdale, J. R. 1993. Response of weed emergence to rate of Vicia villosa Roth. and Secale cereale L. residue. Weed Res 33:487–499.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Agricultural Statistics Service. 2003. Vegetables annual summary 2002. Web page: http://www.usda.gov/nass/. Accessed: February 15, 2003.Google Scholar
NeSmith, D. S., Hoogenboom, G., and McCracken, D. V. 1994. Summer squash production using conservative tillage. Hortscience 29:28–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nitsch, J. P., Kurtz, E. B. Jr., Liverman, J. L., and Went, F. W. 1952. The development of sex expression in cucurbit flowers. Am. J. Bot 39:32–43.Google Scholar
Putnam, A. R., DeFrank, J., and Barnes, J. P. 1983. Exploitation of allelopathy for weed control in annual and perennial cropping systems. J. Chem. Ecol 9:1001–1010.Google Scholar
[SAS] Statistical Analysis Systems. 2000. SAS User's Guide, Version 8. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis Institute.Google Scholar
Smittle, D. A. and Threadgill, E. D. 1982. Response of squash to irrigation, nitrogen fertilization, and tillage systems. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci 107:437–440.Google Scholar
Smittle, D. A., Threadgill, E. D., and Dickens, W. L. 1984. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer method and tillage system on squash growth, nutrient uptake, and fruit yield. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal 15:541–552.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R. and Mohler, C. L. 1993. Light transmittance, soil temperature, and soil moisture under residue of hairy vetch and rye. Agron. J 85:673–680.Google Scholar
Wallace, R. W. and Bellinder, R. R. 1992. Alternative tillage and herbicide options for successful weed control in vegetables. Hortscience 27:745–749.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walters, S. A. and Kindhart, J. D. 2002. Reduced tillage practices for summer squash production in southern Illinois. Horttechnology 12:114–117.Google Scholar
Wesson, G. and Wareing, P. F. 1969. The role of light in the germination of naturally occuring populations of buried weed seeds. J. Exp. Bot 20:402–413.Google Scholar
Weston, L. A. 1990. Cover crop and herbicide influence on row crop seedling establishment in no-tillage culture. Weed Sci. 38:166–171.Google Scholar
Wyland, L. J., Jackson, L. E., Chaney, W. E., Klonsky, K., Koike, S. T., and Kimple, B. 1996. Winter cover crops in a vegetable cropping system: impacts on nitrate leaching, soil water, crop yield, pests and management. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ 59:1–17.Google Scholar