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Mode of Resistance of Triazine-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Steven T. Kelly ,
G. Euel Coats  and
Dawn S. Luthe
Steven T. Kelly
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
G. Euel Coats*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
Dawn S. Luthe
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Two previously identified triazine-resistant annual bluegrass (Poa annua) biotypes in Mississippi were evaluated to determine the level as well as the mode of resistance compared to a triazine-susceptible biotype. Annual bluegrass seeds were collected at two sites (Meridian and Tupelo, MS) from field plots previously treated with 11.2 kg ai/ha simazine. Seeds were planted on agar containing simazine (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, or 100 mM) or diuron (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100, or 1,000 μM), placed in the growth chamber with an 8 h daylength and alternating temperatures of 15 and 20 C, and allowed to grow for 3 wk, after which fresh weight was determined. Data were subjected to regression analyses and the amount of simazine or diuron required to reduce fresh weight to 50% of the untreated plants was determined. These data indicated a greater than 1,000-fold level of resistance to simazine with either biotype. Diuron concentrations of 5.0, 3.0, and 3.2 μM were required to reduce fresh weight to 50% of the untreated for the triazine-susceptible, Meridian, and Tupelo biotypes, respectively. Sequencing a portion of the chloroplast psbA gene revealed a serine 264 to glycine mutation, which reduced the affinity of the triazine herbicides for the QB-binding niche on the D1 protein in photosystem II.

Keywords

Diuron, N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethylureaEDTA (edatic acid), N,N'-1,2ethanediylbis[N-(carboxymethyl)glycine]simazine, 6-chloro-N,N'-diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diaminesorbitol, D-glucitoltris-EDTA (edetate trisodium), N,N'-1,2 ethanediylbis[N-(carboxymethyl)glycine] trisodium saltannual bluegrass, Poa annua L. ♯ POAANTriazine resistancechloroplast-encoded resistancepsbA genePOAANbp, base pairsddH2O, distilled deionized waterDNA, deoxyribonucleic aciddNTP, deoxynucleotide triphosphateGR50, 50% growth reductionPCR, polymerase chain reactionPSII, photosystem II
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 13 , Issue 4 , December 1999 , pp. 747 - 752
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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