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Accepted manuscript

Minimizing Risks of Off-target Movement of Florpyrauxifen-benzyl by Coating onto Urea

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 October 2024

Bodie L. Cotter Open the ORCID record for Bodie L. Cotter [Opens in a new window] ,
Jason K. Norsworthy Open the ORCID record for Jason K. Norsworthy [Opens in a new window] ,
Thomas R. Butts Open the ORCID record for Thomas R. Butts [Opens in a new window] ,
Trenton L. Roberts Open the ORCID record for Trenton L. Roberts [Opens in a new window]  and
Andy Mauromoustakos Open the ORCID record for Andy Mauromoustakos [Opens in a new window]
Bodie L. Cotter*
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
Jason K. Norsworthy
Affiliation:
Professor and Elms Farming Chair of Weed Science, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
Thomas R. Butts
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor and Extension Weed Scientist, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Lonoke, AR, USA
Trenton L. Roberts
Affiliation:
Professor of Soil Fertility/Soil Testing, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
Andy Mauromoustakos
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Agriculture Statistics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
*
Corresponding author: Bodie L. Cotter, University of Arkansas, 1354 W. Altheimer Dr., Fayetteville, AR 72704 ([email protected])
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Abstract

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Commercialization of florpyrauxifen-benzyl as Loyant® in 2018 as a synthetic auxin herbicide in rice was followed by soybean injury due to off-target movement of spray applications in the mid-southern United States. Concerns surrounding off-target movement led to the exploration of an alternative application method to help alleviate the issue. Field experiments were conducted in 2020 and 2021 to explore the likelihood of a reduction in soybean injury following applications of florpyrauxifen-benzyl coated on urea in narrow- and wide-row soybean systems and to determine the likelihood of volatilization from this novel application method. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl spray-applied at 0.18 g ai ha-1 caused greater than 60% injury, while coating the herbicide on urea at 5.63 g ai ha-1 never exceeded 30% injury in narrow-row soybean. Similarly, florpyrauxifen-benzyl spray-applied at 0.18 g ai ha-1 caused greater than 50% injury while coating the herbicide on urea at 5.63 g ai ha-1 never exceeded 30% injury in wide-row soybean. As soybean injury increased, relative yield decreased in both narrow- and wide-row soybean. Spray-applied florpyrauxifen-benzyl decreased relative soybean groundcover, yield components, and soybean survival rate as the herbicide rate increased, whereas coating the herbicide on urea resulted in little to no decrease in both narrow- and wide-row soybean assessments. No negative impacts on relative yield and yield components of soybean from florpyrauxifen-benzyl coated on urea indicates that even though visible injury may persist, there is a low likelihood of any yield losses associated with the herbicide exposure using this application method. Additionally, coating the florpyrauxifen-benzyl on urea did not increase the likelihood of volatilization under any of the evaluated soil moisture conditions. Overall, applying florpyrauxifen-benzyl coated on urea is likely to be a safer application method and can reduce soybean injury compared to spray applying the herbicide when favorable off-target movement conditions exist.

Keywords

Off-target movementvolatilizationherbicidesoybeanrice
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Accepted manuscript , pp. 1 - 30
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2024