Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-15T19:19:09.756Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Integration of a Brassicaceae Cover Crop with Herbicides in Plasticulture Tomato

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Sanjeev K. Bangarwa ,
Jason K. Norsworthy  and
Edward E. Gbur
Sanjeev K. Bangarwa*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, 1366 West Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704
Jason K. Norsworthy
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, 1366 West Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704
Edward E. Gbur
Affiliation:
Agricultural Statistics Laboratory, University of Arkansas, 101 Agricultural Annex Building, Fayetteville, AR 72701
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Weeds are a major constraint in tomato production, especially in the absence of methyl bromide. Field trials were conducted in 2006 and 2007 to evaluate the integrated use of a mustard ‘Caliente’ (a blend of brown and white mustard) cover crop with one-half and full rate PRE/POST herbicides for weed control and crop response in polyethylene-mulched tomato. Caliente was flail mowed and incorporated into the soil prior to forming beds. PRE herbicides were applied under polyethylene mulch, and POST herbicides were sprayed over the top of tomato. Full rates for S-metolachlor, halosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron were 1,600, 27, and 7.9 g ai/ha, respectively. Caliente had no effect on weed control or tomato injury and yield. Except for large crabgrass control and tomato injury and yield, only the main effect of herbicide selection and application rate affected these parameters. Tomato injury was minimal (< 6%) from PRE- and POST-applied herbicides. S-metolachlor applied PRE provided 66% purple nutsedge, 67% yellow nutsedge, and 77% Palmer amaranth control at 4 wk after transplanting (WATP). S-metolachlor–treated plots at the full rate produced the highest marketable fruit yield among herbicide treatments, with jumbo fruit yield equivalent to the hand-weeded treatment. Trifloxysulfuron was the best POST-applied herbicide based on marketable yield and weed control. POST-applied trifloxysulfuron provided 41% purple nutsedge, 58% yellow nutsedge, and 55% Palmer amaranth control at 8 to 9 WATP. Halosulfuron applied PRE controlled purple and yellow nutsedge 70 and 78%, respectively, at 4 WATP, and POST-applied halosulfuron controlled purple nutsedge 74% and yellow nutsedge 78% at 8 to 9 WATP. Halosulfuron applied either PRE or POST failed to control Palmer amaranth and large crabgrass. Greater weed control and marketable tomato yield were achieved with full rates of herbicides. This research demonstrates no additional advantage of Caliente mustard when used with herbicides in tomato. None of the PRE or POST herbicides applied alone were sufficient to maintain season-long, broad-spectrum weed control and optimum marketable yield in tomato. Therefore, integration of PRE and POST herbicides at full rates is suggested.

Keywords

HalosulfuronS-metolachlortrifloxysulfuronlarge crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. DIGSAPalmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. AMAPApurple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus L. CYPROyellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L. CYPESbrown mustard, Brassica juncea L.tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ‘Amelia’; white mustard, Sinapis alba L.Cover cropintegrated weed managementpolyethylene mulch
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/Areas
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 23 , Issue 2 , June 2009 , pp. 280 - 286
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Anonymous 2007a. Dual magnum 7.62 EC product label. Greensboro, NC 27409: Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. Google Scholar
Anonymous 2007b. Sandea 75 DG product label. Yuma, AZ 85366: Gowan Company, P.O. Box 5569.Google Scholar
Anonymous 2007c. Envoke 75 DG product label. Greensboro, NC 27409: Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. Google Scholar
Belles, D. 2002. Glucosinolates Biosynthesis, Genetics, and Allelopathic Potential. http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Entomology/courses/en570/papers_2002.htm. Accessed: January 13, 2005.Google Scholar
Bond, J. A., Oliver, L. R., and Stephenson, D. O. IV. 2006. Response of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) accessions to glyphosate, fomesafen, and pyrithiobac. Weed Technol 20:885–892.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boydston, R. A. 2007. Potato and weed response to postemergence-applied halosulfuron, rimsulfuron, and EPTC. Weed Technol 21:465–469.Google Scholar
Brown, D. and Masiunas, J. 2002. Evaluation of herbicides for pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.). Weed Technol 16:282–292.Google Scholar
Brown, P. D. and Morra, M. J. 1995. Glucosinolate-containing plant tissues as bioherbicides. J. Agric. Food Chem 43:3070–3074.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burgos, N. R., Kuk, Y., and Talbert, R. E. 2001. Amaranthus palmeri resistance and differential tolerance of Amaranthus palmeri and Amaranthus hybridus to ALS-inhibitor herbicides. Pest Manag. Sci 57:449–457.Google Scholar
Caracciolo, A. B., Giuliano, G., Grenni, P., Guzzella, L., Pozzoni, F., Bottoni, P., Faya, L., Crobe, A., Orru, M., and Funari, E. 2005. Degradation and leaching of the herbicides metolachlor and diuron; a case study in an area of northern Italy. Crop Prot 134:525–534.Google Scholar
Clewis, S. B., Everman, W. J., Jordan, D., and Wilcut, J. W. 2007. Weed management in North Carolina peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) with S-metolachlor, diclosulam, flumioxazin, and sulfentrazone systems. Weed Technol 21:629–635.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Culpepper, A. S. and Stall, W. M. 2003. Tomato and weed response to trifloxysulfuron–sodium applied at-plant or postemergence. Proc. South Weed Sci. Soc 56:107–108.Google Scholar
Fenwick, G. R., Heaney, R. K., and Mullin, W. J. 1983. Glucosinolates and their breakdown products in food and food plants. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr 18:123–201.Google Scholar
Gilreath, J. P. and Santos, B. M. 2004. Herbicide dose and incorporation depth in combination with 1,3-dichloropicrin plus chloropicrin for purple nutsedge control in tomato and pepper. Crop Prot 23:205–210.Google Scholar
Grey, T. L., Vencill, W. K., Mantripagada, N., and Culpepper, A. S. 2007. Residual herbicide dissipation from soil covered with low-density polyethylene mulch or left bare. Weed Sci 55:638–643.Google Scholar
Grichar, W. J. and Minton, B. W. 2007. Using trifloxysulfuron with glyphosate for cotton weed control. Weed Technol 21:431–436.Google Scholar
Krausz, R. F. and Kapusta, G. 1998. Total postemergence weed control in imidazolinone-resistant corn (Zea mays). Weed Technol 12:151–156.Google Scholar
Malik, M. S., Norsworthy, J. K., Culpepper, A. S., Riley, M. B., and Bridges, W. Jr. 2008. Use of wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) and rye cover crops for weed suppression in sweet corn. Weed Sci 56:588–595.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norsworthy, J. K., Brandengerger, L., Burgos, N., and Riley, M. 2005. Weed suppression in Vigna unguiculata with a spring-seeded Brassicaceae green manure. Crop Prot 24:441–447.Google Scholar
Norsworthy, J. K., Malik, M. S., Jha, P., and Oliveira, M. J. 2006. Effects of isothiocyanates on purple (Cyperus rotundus L.) and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.). Weed Biol. Manag 6:131–138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norsworthy, J. K. and Meehan, J. T. IV. 2005a. Wild radish–amended soil effects on yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) interference with tomato and bell pepper. Weed Sci 53:77–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norsworthy, J. K. and Meehan, J. T. IV. 2005b. Herbicidal activity of eight isothiocyanates on Texas panicum (Panicum texanum), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), and sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia). Weed Sci 53:515–520.Google Scholar
Norsworthy, J. K. and Meehan, J. T. IV. 2005c. Use of isothiocyanates for suppression of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri), pitted morningglory (Ipmomoea lacunosa), and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus). Weed Sci 53:884–890.Google Scholar
Norsworthy, J. K. and Meister, C. W. 2007. Tolerance of cantaloupe to postemergence applications of rimsulfuron and halosulfuron. Weed Technol 21:30–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pereira, W., Crabtree, G., and William, R. D. 1987. Herbicide action on purple and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus and C. esculentus). Weed Technol 1:92–98.Google Scholar
Peterson, J., Belz, R., Walker, F., and Hurle, K. 2001. Weed suppression by release of isothiocyanates from turnip-rape mulch. Agron. J. 93:37–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richardson, R. J., Wilson, H. P., and Hines, T. E. 2007. Preemergence herbicides followed by trifloxysulfuron postemergence in cotton. Weed Technol 21:1–6.Google Scholar
Sanders, D. C. 2004. Commercial Vegetable Recommendations for the Southeastern U.S. Raleigh, NC: North Carolina Vegetable Growers Association.Google Scholar
Santos, B. M., Gilreath, J. P., Lugo, Mde L., and Rivera, L. E. 2008. Managing weeds with drip-applied herbicides in tomato. Crop Prot 27:101–103.Google Scholar
Sondhia, S. 2008. Leaching Behavior of Metsulfuron in Two Texturally Different Soils. Environ. Monit. Assess. http://www.springerlink.com/content/0525k1t517389038/fulltext.pdf. Accessed: September 16, 2008.Google Scholar
Stall, W. M. and Morales-Payan, J. P. 2003. The Critical Period of Nutsedge Interference in Tomato. http://www.imok.ufl.edu/LIV/groups/IPM/weed_con/nutsedge.htm. Accessed: September 17, 2007.Google Scholar
Stivers-Young, L. 1998. Growth, nitrogen accumulation, and weed suppression by fall cover crops following early harvest of vegetables. Hortscience 33:60–63.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R. and Taylorson, R. B. 1986. Weed response to methyl isothiocyanate and metham. Weed Sci 34:520–524.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trader, B. W., Wilson, H. P., and Hines, T. E. 2007. Halosulfuron helps control several broadleaf weeds in cucumber and pumpkin. Weed Technol 21:966–971.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[USDA] U.S. Department of Agriculture 1997. United States Standards for Grades of Fresh Tomatoes. http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/getfiledDocNameSTELPRDC5050331. Accessed: September 10, 2008.Google Scholar
[USDA] U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service 2008. Vegetable and Melons Outlook: Tables. http://www.ers.usda.gov/Publications/vgs/VGSTables.htm. Accessed: September 15, 2008.Google Scholar
[USEPA] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2008. Ozone Layer Depletion—Regulatory Programs: The Phaseout of Methyl Bromide Montreal Protocol. http://www.epa.gov/ozone/mbr/index.html. Accessed: September 15, 2008.Google Scholar
Vencill, W. K., Richburg, J. S. III, Wilcut, J. W., and Hawf, L. R. 1995. Effect of MON-12037 on purple (Cyperus rotundus) and yellow (Cyperus esculentus) nutsedge. Weed Technol 9:148–152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Webster, T. M. 2002. Weed survey—Southern states: Vegetable, fruit and nut crops subsection. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc 55:237–258.Google Scholar
Wise, A. M., Grey, T. L., Prostko, E. P., and Vencill, W. K. 2007. ALS resistant Amaranthus palmeri in Georgia: Distribution, dose response, and heritability. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc 60:71.Google Scholar