Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T06:43:05.626Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Integrated Management Techniques for Long-Term Control of Giant Smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus var. pyramidalis) in Bahiagrass Pasture in Florida

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Neha Rana ,
Brent A. Sellers ,
Jason A. Ferrell ,
Gregory E. MacDonald ,
Maria L. Silveira  and
J. M. Vendramini
Neha Rana
Affiliation:
Range Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3401 Experiment Station, Ona, FL 33865
Brent A. Sellers*
Affiliation:
Range Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3401 Experiment Station, Ona, FL 33865
Jason A. Ferrell
Affiliation:
Agronomy Department, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110500, Gainesville, FL 32611
Gregory E. MacDonald
Affiliation:
Agronomy Department, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110500, Gainesville, FL 32611
Maria L. Silveira
Affiliation:
Range Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3401 Experiment Station, Ona, FL 33865
J. M. Vendramini
Affiliation:
Range Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3401 Experiment Station, Ona, FL 33865
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Smutgrass, a native of tropical Asia, is a perennial weed that affects many improved perennial grass pastures in Florida and throughout the southeastern United States. The two varieties of smutgrass predominant in Florida are small smutgrass and giant smutgrass. Three field experiments were conducted from 2008 to 2012 to evaluate the effect of integrated long-term management strategies using both cultural and herbicide inputs for giant smutgrass control in bahiagrass pastures. Burning did not have a significant impact on long-term control. In 2011, no differences were observed when hexazinone was integrated with tillage or hexazinone was combined with supplemental nitrogen compared with sequential or single applications of hexazinone. However, cultural treatments that preceded hexazinone application compared with those that received two sequential applications of hexazinone had lower smutgrass control 36 mo after treatment. Data indicate that a sequential application of hexazinone may be better than implementing tillage. Sequential hexazinone applications, when applied at 0.56 kg ai ha−1 or greater, resulted in similar or increased control as compared with single applications. Collectively, these data suggest that sequential applications of hexazinone may be most effective for smutgrass management, and cultural techniques, including tillage, should be followed by hexazinone application the following year.

Sporobulus indicus var. pyramidalis, una especie nativa de Asia tropical, es una maleza perenne que afecta a muchos pastos mejorados en Florida y a lo largo del sureste de los Estados Unidos. Las dos variedades de S. indicus predominantes en Florida son la pequeña y la gigante. Desde 2008 hasta 2012, se realizaron tres experimentos de campo para evaluar el efecto de estrategias de manejo integrado de largo plazo, usando herbicidas y prácticas culturales para el control de S. indicus gigante en el pasto Paspalum notatum. La quema no tuvo un impacto significativo en el control de largo plazo. En 2011, no se observaron diferencias cuando la aplicación de hexazinone fue integrada con labranza del suelo o cuando se combinó con la aplicación suplementaria de nitrógeno, al compararse con aplicaciones secuenciales o sencillas de hexazinone. Sin embargo, tratamientos culturales que precedieron la aplicación de hexazinone tuvieron menos control de poblaciones de S. indicus, 36 meses después del tratamiento, al compararse con tratamientos que recibieron dos aplicaciones secuenciales de hexazinone. Los datos indican que una aplicación secuencial de hexazinone podría ser mejor que el uso de labranza. Las aplicaciones secuenciales de hexazinone, cuando se aplicó a 0.56 kg ai ha−1 o más, resultaron en un control similar o mayor al compararse con aplicaciones sencillas. Colectivamente, estos datos sugieren que las aplicaciones secuenciales de hexazinone podrían ser más efectivas para el manejo de S. indicus, y las técnicas culturales, incluyendo la labranza, deberían ser seguidas por aplicaciones de hexazinone al año siguiente.

Keywords

Hexazinonesmutgrass, Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br. SPZINgiant smutgrass, Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br. var. pyramidalis (P. Beauv.) Veldkamp.bahiagrass, Paspalum notatum FlueggéBahiagrasscultural practiceshexazinonesequential applicationsmutgrass suppression
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 29 , Issue 3 , September 2015 , pp. 570 - 577
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Ahmad, IB (1979) Effects of Nitrogen and Grazing on a Smutgrass–Bahiagrass–White Clover Pasture. . Gainesville, FL: University of Florida. 93 pGoogle Scholar
Barnhart, S, Duffy, MD, Owen, R (2012) Estimated costs of pasture and hay production. Cooperative Extension Service. Ames, IA: Iowa State University of Science and Technology. 8 pGoogle Scholar
Brecke, B J (1981) Smutgrass (Sporobolus poiretii) control in bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) pastures. Weed Sci 29:553–555 Google Scholar
Burton, GW, Gates, RN, Gasho, GJ (1997) Response of ‘Pensacola' bahiagrass to rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Pages 31–35 in Proceedings of the Soil and Crop Science Society of Florida. Gainesville, FL: Soil and Crop Science Society of Florida Google Scholar
Chambliss, CG (1996) Bahiagrass. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida, Florida Cooperative Extension Service. SS-AGR-36. 6 pGoogle Scholar
Conn, JS, Beattie, KL, Blanchard, A (2006) Seed viability and dormancy of 17 weed species after 19.7 years of burial in Alaska. Weed Sci 54:464–470 Google Scholar
Crawford, SC, Wiggins, LF (2007) Beef Forage Range Practices in South Florida. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Cooperative Extension Service. 6 pGoogle Scholar
Currey, WL, Parrado, R, Jones, DW (1973) Seed characteristics of smutgrass. Pages 53–54 in Proceedings of the 32nd Soil Crop Science Society of Florida. Gainesville, FL: Soil and Crop Science Society of Florida Google Scholar
DiTomaso, JM, Brooks, ML, Allen, EB, Minnich, R, Rice, PM, Kyser, GB (2006) Control of invasive weeds with prescribed burning. Weed Technol 20:535–548 Google Scholar
Ferrell, JA, Mullahey, JJ (2006) Effect of mowing and hexazinone application on giant smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus var. pyramidalis). Weed Technol 20:90–94 Google Scholar
Ferrell, JA, Mullahey, JJ, Dusky, JA, Roka, FM (2006) Competition of giant smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus) in a bahiagrass pasture. Weed Sci 54:100–105 Google Scholar
Hoffman, ML, Owen, DK, Buhler, DD (1998) Effects of crop and weed management on density and vertical distribution of weed seeds in soil. Agron J 90:793–799 Google Scholar
McCaleb, JE, Hodges, EM (1971) Smutgrass control at Range Cattle Station, Ona, Florida. Pages 182–186 in Proceedings of the 24th Southern Weed Science Society. Memphis, TN: Southern Weed Science Society.Google Scholar
McCaleb, JE, Hodges, EM, Kirk, WG (1963) Smutgrass control. Ona, FL: Florida Agricultural Experiment Station. Circular S-149. 10 pGoogle Scholar
Mislevy, P, Currey, WL (1980) Smutgrass (Sporobolus poiretii) control in South Florida. Weed Sci 28:316–320 Google Scholar
Mislevy, P, Martin, FG, Hall, DW (2002) West Indian dropseed/giant smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus var. pyramidalis) control in bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) pastures. Weed Technol 16:707–711 Google Scholar
Mislevy, P, Shilling, DG, Martin, FG, Hatch, SL (1999) Smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus) control in bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) pastures. Weed Technol 13:571–575 Google Scholar
Mullahey, JJ (2000) Evaluating grazing management systems to control giant smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus var. pyramidalis). Pages 59–60 in Proceedings of the 53rd Southern Weed Science Society. Tulsa, OK: Southern Weed Science Society Google Scholar
Rana, N, Sellers, BA, Ferrell, JA, MacDonald, GE, Silveira, ML, Vendramini, JM (2013) Impact of soil pH on bahiagrass competition with giant smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus var. pyramidalis) and small smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus var. indicus). Weed Sci 61:109–116 Google Scholar
Rana, N, Wilder, BJ, Sellers, BA, Ferrell, JA, MacDonald, GE (2012) Effects of environmental factors on seed germination and emergence of smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus) varieties. Weed Sci 60:558–563 Google Scholar
SAS Institute Inc (2008) SAS/STAT 9.2 User's Guide: The MIXED Procedure (book excerpt). Cary, NC: SAS Institute, Inc. 51, 190 pGoogle Scholar
Sellers, BA, Ferrell, JA, MacDonald, GE (2008) Influence of hexazinone on ‘Pensacola' bahiagrass growth and crude protein content. Agron J 100:808–812 Google Scholar
Sellers, BA, Ferrell, JA, Mullahey, JJ (2009) Smutgrass control in perennial grass pastures. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida, Florida Cooperative Extension Service. SS-AGR-18. 4 pGoogle Scholar
Senseman, SA. 2007. Herbicide Handbook. 9th edn. Lawrence, KS: Weed Science Society of America. Pp 148–150 Google Scholar
Wilder, BJ, Sellers, BA, Ferrell, JA, MacDonald, GE (2011) Response of smutgrass varieties to hexazinone. Forage and Grazinglands. DOI: Google Scholar
Wunderlin, RP, Hansen, BF (2003) Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida. 2nd edn. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida. Pp 226–227 Google Scholar