Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T21:27:07.198Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Impact of Subsurface Tillage on Weed Dynamics in the Central Great Plains

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Randy L. Anderson
Randy L. Anderson*
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, 2923 Medary Avenue, Brookings, SD 57006
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Maintaining crop residues on the soil surface has changed cropping practices in the Central Great Plains. Where previously winter wheat–fallow was the prevalent rotation, producers now grow warm-season crops in sequence with winter wheat and fallow. Controlling weeds during fallow with herbicides eliminates the need for tillage, thus conserving more crop residues. However, producers are considering subsurface tillage as an option to manage herbicide-resistant weeds. We reviewed the impact of subsurface tillage with the sweep plow on weed dynamics and crop growth compared with no-till systems. Cropping systems studies show that rotations can be designed to reduce weed community density severalfold; tillage lessens this rotational effect by burying weed seeds and prolonging their survival in soil. Crop residues on the soil surface reduce weed seedling establishment in no-till systems, but tillage eliminates this effect. Crops also yield less after tillage compared with no-till in this semiarid climate. Tillage may help in managing herbicide resistance, but it also may increase weed density as well as reduce crop yield.

Keywords

Winter wheatTriticum aestivum LCrop residuesrotation designseed bank dynamicssweep plowW-C-CP, winter wheat–corn–chickpeaW-CP, winter wheat–chickpea rotationW-F, winter wheat–fallow
Type
Review
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 18 , Issue 1 , March 2004 , pp. 186 - 192
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Anderson, R. L. 1990a. No-till proso millet production. Agron. J 82:577–580.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, R. L. 1990b. Tolerance of safflower, corn, and proso millet to clomazone. Weed Technol. 4:606–611.Google Scholar
Anderson, R. L. 1997. Cultural systems can reduce reproductive potential of winter annual grasses. Weed Technol. 11:608–613.Google Scholar
Anderson, R. L. 1998. Seedling emergence of winter annual grasses as affected by limited tillage and crop canopy. Weed Technol. 12:262–267.Google Scholar
Anderson, R. L. 1999. Cultural strategies reduce weed densities in summer annual crops. Weed Technol. 13:314–319.Google Scholar
Anderson, R. L. 2000. A cultural systems approach eliminates the need for herbicides in semiarid proso millet. Weed Technol. 14:602–607.Google Scholar
Anderson, R. L. 2002. Designing rotations to favor natural benefits. in Proceedings of the 2002 No-Till on the Plains conference, Salinas, KS. Wamego, KS: No-Till on the Plains Association. Pp. 7–14.Google Scholar
Anderson, R. L. 2003. An ecological approach to strengthen weed management in the semiarid Great Plains. Adv. Agron 80:33–62.Google Scholar
Anderson, R. L., Bowman, R. A., Nielsen, D. C., Vigil, M. F., Aiken, R. M., and Benjamin, J. G. 1999. Alternative crop rotations for the central Great Plains. J. Prod. Agric 12:95–99.Google Scholar
Anderson, R. L., Lyon, D. J., and Tanaka, D. L. 1996. Weed management strategies for conservation-till sunflower. Weed Technol. 10:55–59.Google Scholar
Banting, J. D., Molberg, E. S., and Gephardt, J. P. 1973. Seasonal emergence and persistence of green foxtail. Can. J. Plant Sci 53:369–376.Google Scholar
Blackshaw, R. E., Moyer, J. R., Doran, R. C., and Boswell, A. L. 2001. Yellow sweetclover, green manure, and its residues effectively suppress weeds during fallow. Weed Sci. 49:406–413.Google Scholar
Bowman, R. A., Vigil, M. F., Nielsen, D. C., and Anderson, R. L. 1999. Soil organic matter changes in intensively cropped dryland systems. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 63:186–191.Google Scholar
Crutchfield, D. A., Wicks, G. A., and Burnside, O. C. 1986. Effect of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw mulch level on weed control. Weed Sci. 34. 110–114.Google Scholar
Daugovish, O., Lyon, D. J., and Baltensperger, D. D. 1999. Cropping systems to control winter annual grasses in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). Weed Technol. 13:120–126.Google Scholar
Derksen, D. A., Lafond, G. P., Thomas, A. G., Loeppky, H. A., and Swanton, C. J. 1993. Impact of agronomic practices on weed communities: tillage systems. Weed Sci. 41:409–417.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Egley, G. H. 1986. Stimulation of weed seed germination in soil. Rev. Weed Sci 2:67–89. Lawrence, KS: Weed Science Society of America.Google Scholar
Egley, G. H. and Williams, R. D. 1990. Decline of weed seeds and seedling emergence over five years as affected by soil disturbance. Weed Sci. 38:504–510.Google Scholar
Fenster, C. R., Domingo, C. E., and Burnside, O. C. 1969. Weed control and plant residue maintenance with various tillage treatments in a winter wheat-fallow rotation. Agron. J 61:256–259.Google Scholar
Fenster, C. R. and Wicks, G. A. 1982. Fallow systems for winter wheat in western Nebraska. Agron. J 74:9–13.Google Scholar
Froud-Williams, R. J., Chancellor, R. J., and Drennan, D. H. 1984. The effects of seed burial and soil disturbance on emergence and survival of arable weeds in relation to minimal cultivation. J. Appl. Ecol 21:629–641.Google Scholar
Froud-Williams, R. J., Drennan, D. H., and Chancellor, R. J. 1983. Influence of cultivation regime on weed floras of arable cropping systems. J. Appl. Ecol 20:187–197.Google Scholar
Good, L. G. and Smika, D. E. 1978. Chemical fallow for soil and water conservation in the Great Plains. J. Soil Water Conserv 33:89–90.Google Scholar
Greb, B. W. 1983. Water conservation: Central Great Plains. in Dregne, H. E. and Willis, W. O., eds. Dryland Agriculture. Agronomy 23. Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy. Pp. 57–72.Google Scholar
Heap, I. 2003. The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds. Web page: http://www.weedscience.com. Accessed February 3, 2003.Google Scholar
Mohler, C. L. 1993. A model of the effects of tillage on emergence of weed seedlings. Ecol. Appl 3:53–73.Google Scholar
Moyer, J. R., Roman, E. S., Lindwall, C. W., and Blackshaw, R. E. 1994. Weed management in conservation tillage systems for wheat production in North and South America. Crop Prot 13:243–259.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peterson, G. A., Schlegel, A. J., Tanaka, D. L., and Jones, O. R. 1996. Precipitation use efficiency as affected by cropping and tillage systems. J. Prod. Agric 9:180–186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peterson, G. A., Westfall, D. G., and Cole, C. V. 1993. Agroecosystem approach to soil and crop management research. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 57:1354–1360.Google Scholar
Pollard, F. and Cussans, G. W. 1981. The influence of tillage on the weed flora in a succession of winter cereal crops on a sandy loam soil. Weed Res 21:185–190.Google Scholar
Retzinger, E. J. Jr. and Mallory-Smith, C. A. 1997. Classification of herbicides by site of action for weed resistance management strategies. Weed Technol. 11:384–393.Google Scholar
Roberts, H. A. 1981. Seed banks in soils. Adv. Appl. Biol 6:1–55.Google Scholar
Sagar, G. R. and Mortimer, A. M. 1976. An approach to the study of the population dynamics of plants with special reference to weeds. Adv. Appl. Biol 1:1–47.Google Scholar
Schlegel, A. J. and Havlin, J. L. 1997. Green fallow for the Central Great Plains. Agron. J 89:762–767.Google Scholar
Smika, D. E. 1990. Fallow management practices for wheat production in the Central Great Plains. Agron. J 82:319–323.Google Scholar
Tanaka, D. L., Bauer, A., and Black, A. L. 1997. Annual legume cover crops in spring wheat-fallow systems. J. Prod. Agric 10:251–255.Google Scholar
Thomas, A. G., Banting, J. D., and Bowes, G. 1986. Longevity of green foxtail seeds in a Canadian prairie soil. Can. J. Plant Sci 66:189–192.Google Scholar
Wicks, G. A., Crutchfield, D. A., and Burnside, O. C. 1994. Influence of wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw mulch and metolachlor on corn (Zea mays) growth and yield. Weed Sci. 42:141–147.Google Scholar
Wicks, G. A. and Smika, D. E. 1990. Central Great Plains. in Donald, W. W., ed. Systems of Weed Control in Wheat in North America. Lawrence, KS: Weed Science Society of America. Pp. 127–157.Google Scholar
Wicks, G. A., Smika, D. E., and Hergert, G. W. 1988. Long-term effects of no-tillage in a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum)-sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)-fallow rotation. Weed Sci. 36:384–393.Google Scholar