Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T21:39:46.429Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Immunoassays to Detect and Quantitate Herbicides in the Environment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

J. Christopher Hall ,
Raymond J. A. Deschamps  and
Mark R. McDermott
J. Christopher Hall
Affiliation:
Dep. Environ. Biol., Univ. Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada N1G 2W1
Raymond J. A. Deschamps
Affiliation:
Dep. Environ. Biol., Univ. Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada N1G 2W1
Mark R. McDermott
Affiliation:
Dep. Environ. Biol., Univ. Guelph, Guelph, Ont., Canada N1G 2W1
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Immunochemical techniques offer many advantages over chromatographic methods used for pesticide trace analysis of substrates such as soil, water, plants, urine, and blood. These advantages include speed of processing samples, high specificity for detecting a pesticide, reduced amount of preparation and cleanup of the sample before analysis, and a dramatic increase in the number of samples that can be analyzed. Immunoassays are based on the principle that antibodies to pesticides can be prepared, in animals, that can recognize and attach with exquisite specificity to certain chemical configurations displayed on the surface of a molecule. Small molecules such as herbicides usually are not immunogenic but can be made so by chemically bonding them to a large immunogenic protein such as bovine serum albumin before injection into an animal. Development of herbicide-specific antibodies and their use in direct and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (EIA or ELISA) as well as radioimmunoassays (RIA) are discussed. The principles behind monoclonal antibody production are outlined, and immunoassays using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies are compared. Specific reference is made to the development and use of indirect ELISA and RIA procedures for trace analysis of 2,4-D and picloram.

Keywords

2,4-D, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acidpicloram, 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acidAntibodiesEIAELISAimmunochemistrypicloramRIA2,4-Dresidue analysis
Type
Feature
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 4 , Issue 2 , June 1990 , pp. 226 - 234
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Al-Rubae, A. Y. 1978. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, a new method for the analysis of pesticide residues. PhD. thesis. The Pa. State Univ., Univ. Park, PA.Google Scholar
2. Cheung, P. K., Gee, S. J., and Hammock, B. D. 1988. Pesticide immunoassay as a biotechnology. p. 217–229 in Phillips, M., Shoemaker, S. P., Middlekauf, R. D., and Ottenbrite, R. M., ed. Impact of Chemistry on Biotechnology. Am. Chem. Soc. Symp. Ser. 362, Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, DC.Google Scholar
3. Ercegovich, C. D., Vallejo, R. P., Gettig, R. R., Woods, L., Bogus, E. R., and Mumma, R. O. 1981. Development of a radioimmunoassay for parathion. J. Agric. Food Chem. 29:559–563.Google Scholar
4. Fatori, D., and Hunter, W. M. 1980. Radioimmunoassay for serum paraquat. Clin. Chim. Acta 100:81.Google Scholar
5. Fleeker, J. 1987. Two enzyme immunoassays to screen for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in water. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 70:874–878.Google Scholar
6. Hall, J. C., Deschamps, R.J.A., and Krieg, K. K. 1989. Immunoassays for the detection of 2,4-D and picloram in river water and urine. J. Agric. Food Chem. 37:981–984.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Hammock, B. D., Gee, S. J., Cheung, P.K.Y., Miyamoto, T., Goodrow, M. H., Van Emon, J., and Seiber, J. N. 1986. Utility of immunoassay in pesticide trace analysis. p. 309–316 in Greenhalgh, R. and Roberts, T. R., ed. Pesticide Science and Biotechnology. Proc. 6th Int. Congr. Pestic. Chem., Blackwell Sci. Publ. Google Scholar
8. Hammock, B. D., and Mumma, R. O. 1980. Potential immunochemical technology for pesticide analysis. p. 321–352 in Harvey, J. Jr., and Zweig, G., ed. Recent Advances in Pesticide Analytical Methodology. Am. Chem. Soc. Symp. Ser. 136, Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, DC.Google Scholar
9. Huber, S. J. 1985. Improved solid phase enzyme immunoassay systems in the ppt range for atrazine in fresh water. Chemosphere 14:1795–1803.Google Scholar
10. Huber, S. J., and Hock, B. 1985. A solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for quantitative determination of the herbicide terbutryn. J. Plant Dis. Prot. 92:147–156.Google Scholar
11. Hunter, K. W., and Lenz, D. E. 1982. Detection and quantification of the organophosphate insecticide paraxon by competitive inhibition enzyme immunoassay. Life Sci. 30:355–361.Google Scholar
12. Kelley, M. M., Zahnow, E. W., Petersen, W. C., and Toy, S. T. 1985. Chlorsulfuron determination in soil extracts by enzyme immunoassay. J. Agric. Food Chem. 33:962–965.Google Scholar
13. Knopp, D., Nuhn, P., and Dobberkau, H. -J. 1985. Radioimmunoassay for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Arch. Toxicol. 58:27–32.Google Scholar
14. Levitt, T. 1979. Determinations of paraquat in clinical practice using radioimmunoassay. Proc. Anal. Div. Chem. Soc. 16:72–76.Google Scholar
15. Mumma, R. O., and Brady, J. F. 1986. Immunological assays for agrochemicals. p. 341–348 in Greenhalgh, R. and Roberts, T. R., ed. Pesticide Science and Technology. Proc. 6th Int. Congr. Pestic. Chem., Blackwell Sci. Publ. Google Scholar
16. Newsome, W. H., and Shields, J. B. 1981. A radioimmunoassay for benomyl and methyl 2-benzimidazolecarbamate on food crops. J. Agric. Food Chem. 29:220–222.Google Scholar
17. Niewola, Z., Hayward, C., Symington, B. A., and Robson, R. T. 1985. Quantitative estimation of paraquat by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay using a monoclonal antibody. Clin. Chim. Acta 148:149–156.Google Scholar
18. Rinder, D. F., and Fleeker, J. R. 1981. A radioimmunoassay to screen for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid in surface water. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 26:375–380.Google Scholar
19. Russo, A. J. 1988. Immunological assays for the classroom II – hybridoma technology: production of monoclonal antibodies. The Am. Biol. Teach. 50:48–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20. Schwalbe, M., Dorn, E., and Beyermann, K. 1984. Enzyme immunoassay and fluoroimmunoassay for the herbicide diclofop-methyl. J. Agric. Food Chem. 34:734–741.Google Scholar
21. Van Emon, J., Hammock, B. D., and Sieber, J. N. 1986. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for paraquat and its application to exposure analysis. Anal. Chem. 58:1866–1873.Google Scholar
22. Van Emon, J. M., Seiber, J. N., and Hammock, B. D. 1985. Application of immunoassay to paraquat and other pesticides. p. 307–316 in Hedin, P. A., ed. Bioregulators for Pesticide Control. Am. Chem. Soc. Symp. Ser. 276, Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, DC.Google Scholar
23. Weiler, E. W., Eberle, J., Mertens, R., Atzorn, R., Feyerbrand, M., Jourdan, P. S., Arnscheidt, A., and Wiecsorek, U. 1986. Antisera- and monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay of plant hormones. p. 27–58 in Wang, T. L., ed. Immunology in Plant Sciences. Soc. Exp. Biol. Seminar Ser. 29. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar