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Hazelnut tolerance to basal-directed applications of clopyralid and quinclorac

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 August 2022

Rafael M. Pedroso Open the ORCID record for Rafael M. Pedroso [Opens in a new window]  and
Marcelo L. Moretti Open the ORCID record for Marcelo L. Moretti [Opens in a new window]
Rafael M. Pedroso
Affiliation:
Former Research Associate, Oregon State University, Department of Horticulture, Corvallis, OR, USA Assistant Professor, University of São Paulo, Crop Science Department, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
Marcelo L. Moretti*
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Oregon State University, Department of Horticulture, Corvallis, OR, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Marcelo L. Moretti, Assistant Professor, Oregon State University, 4017 Agriculture and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR 97331. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Field studies were conducted to determine hazelnut tolerance to quinclorac and clopyralid and control efficacy of Canada thistle and field bindweed at three commercial orchards in western Oregon. Hazelnut cultivars evaluated included ‘Jefferson’, ‘Wepster’, and ‘McDonald’. Clopyralid at 278, 547, and 1,090 g ae ha−1, and quinclorac at 420, 840, and 1,680 g ai ha−1 were applied once a year as basal-directed applications to trees that were 1, 2, and 5 yr old. Treatments were imposed in the early spring of 2019 and reapplied in 2020. In both years, treatments covered hazelnut suckers. Hazelnut injury from clopyralid and quinclorac was consistently between 0% and 13% and not different from nontreated control plants (P > 0.05) between 14 d and 455 d after initial treatment. Similarly, there was no treatment effect on plant canopy index, leaf chlorophyll content, trunk cross-sectional area, internode length, or yield among treatments, even at the highest rates of clopyralid and quinclorac. In separate efficacy studies, clopyralid (278 g ae ha−1) resulted in 68% Canada thistle control and did not differ when clopyralid was mixed with carfentrazone (278 + 35 g ai ha−1) or glufosinate (278 + 1,148 g ai ha−1). Clopyralid-containing herbicide treatments suppressed field bindweed growth but did not kill plants even when mixed with carfentrazone or glufosinate. Quinclorac (420 g ha−1) alone provided 80% control of field bindweed and 93% and 98% control when combined with rimsulfuron (35 g ai ha−1) or carfentrazone (35 g ai ha−1), respectively. Still, all herbicide treatments resulted in similar field bindweed biomass. Results indicate that clopyralid and quinclorac are effective tools to help manage Canada thistle and field bindweed and that hazelnut can tolerate clopyralid and quinclorac at rates equivalent to 4-fold commercial-use rates not affecting plant growth and yield.

Keywords

CarfentrazoneclopyralidglufosinatequincloracrimsulfuronCanada thistle, Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.field bindweed, Convolvulus arvensis L.hazelnut, Corylus avellana L.Auxinic herbicidetree nutsperennial weedcrop tolerance
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 36 , Issue 4 , August 2022 , pp. 576 - 582
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Peter J. Dittmar, University of Florida

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