Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T16:49:42.406Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Efficacy of Five Herbicides for Weed Control in Rain-Fed Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Abdol Reza Ahmadi ,
Saeed Shahbazi  and
Marjan Diyanat
Abdol Reza Ahmadi*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lorestan, Iran
Saeed Shahbazi
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lorestan, Iran
Marjan Diyanat
Affiliation:
Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Iran
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Lentil is vulnerable to weed competition because of its short stature, slow establishment, and limited vegetative growth. Although the vast majority of lentil production is under rain-fed conditions, there is a little published information on weed control with herbicides in rain-fed lentils. Field experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy of nine herbicide treatments including fomesafen, imazethapyr, linuron, pendimethalin, and pyridate alone or in combination compared with one or two hand weeding(s) on weed control and yield response in rain-fed lentil in Khorramabad, Iran in 2012 and 2013. Weed species included catchweed bedstraw, cowcockle, haresear mustard, hoary cress, wild mustard, and wild safflower. Total weed dry biomass in weedy check plots averaged 156 and 170 g m−2 in 2012 and 2013, respectively, and weed density and biomass were reduced in all treatments compared to the weedy check in both years. Plots that were hand weeded twice reduced weed biomass the greatest, whereas fomesafen, linuron, or one hand weeding did not control weeds satisfactorily. Noncontrolled weeds reduced lentil yield by 67% both years compared to the weed-free control. Lentil yield in 2013 (1,370 kg ha−1) was higher than in 2012 (1,150 kg ha−1). All herbicides tested injured lentil slightly, with pyridate (1,200 g ai ha−1) and pendimethalin (660 g ai ha−1 plus imazethapyr at 250 to 500 g ai ha−1) causing the least injury. Across all treatments, imazethapyr plus pendimethalin PRE, pyridate POST, and two hand-weeding treatments had the best performance for weed control and lentil yield.

La lenteja es vulnerable a la competencia con las malezas debido a su corta altura, lento establecimiento, y crecimiento vegetativo limitado. Aunque la vasta mayoría de producción de lenteja se encuentra bajo condiciones de secano, existe poca información publicada acerca del control de malezas con herbicidas en lenteja de secano. Se realizaron experimentos de campo para determinar la eficacia de nueve tratamientos con herbicidas incluyendo fomesafen, imazethapyr, linuron, pendimethalin, y pyridate solos o en combinación, y una o dos deshierbas manuales, para el control de malezas y la respuesta en rendimiento en lenteja de secano en Khorramabad, Iran, en 2012 y 2013. Las especies de malezas incluyeron Galium aparine, Vaccaria hispanica, Conringia orientalis, Cardaria draba, Sinapis arvensis, y Carthamus oxyacantha. El total de la biomasa de malezas en las parcelas testigo enmalezadas promedió 156 y 170 g m−2 in 2012 y 2013, respectivamente, y la densidad y biomasa de malezas fue reducida en todos los tratamientos al compararse con el testigo enmalezado, en ambos años. Las parcelas que fueron deshierbadas manualmente dos veces presentaron la mayor reducción de biomasa de las malezas, mientras que fomesafen, linuron, o una deshierba manual no controlaron las malezas satisfactoriamente. Las malezas no controladas redujeron el rendimiento de la lenteja en 67% en ambos años al compararse con el testigo libre de malezas. El rendimiento de la lenteja en 2013 (1,370 kg ha−1) fue superior al de 2012 (1,150 kg ha−1). Todos los herbicidas evaluados dañaron la lenteja ligeramente, siendo pyridate (1,200 g ai ha−2) y pendimethalin (660 g ai ha−1) más imazethapyr (250 a 500 g ai ha−1) los que causaron el menor daño. Entre todos los tratamientos, imazethapyr más pendimethalin PRE, pyridate POST, y dos deshierbas manuales fueron los tratamientos que tuvieron el mejor desempeño para el control de malas hierbas y el rendimiento de la lenteja.

Keywords

Fomesafenimazethapyrlinuronpendimethalinpyridatecatchweed bedstraw, Galium aparine L.cowcockle, Vaccaria hispanica (P. Mill.) Rauschertharesear mustard, Conringia orientalis (L.) Dumorthoary cress, Cardaria draba (L.) Desv.wild mustard, Sinapis arvensis L.wild safflower, Carthamus oxyacantha M. Bieb.lentil, Lens culinaris Medic. ‘Mardom’Hand weedingherbicidephytotoxicityweed biomassweed density
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 30 , Issue 2 , June 2016 , pp. 448 - 455
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: Prashant Jha, Montana State University.

References

Literature Cited

Ahmadi, AR (2011) Determination of weed species and their density in lentil fields in Lorestan province of Iran. Ph.D Dissertation. Mashad, Iran: Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. 161 pGoogle Scholar
Al-Thahabi, SA, Yassin, JZ, Abu-Irmaileh, BE, Haddad, NI, Saxena, MC (1994) Effect of weed removal on productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris Med.) in Mediterranean environment. J Agron Crop Sci 5:333–341 Google Scholar
Bagherani, N (1999) Comparison the efficiency of pyridate, linuron and cyanazine for controlling wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.). Golestan Agricultural Research Center Research Report Google Scholar
Barua, AS, Saha, J, Chaudhuri, S, Chowdhury, A, Adityachaudhury, N (1990) Degradation of pendimethalin by soil fungi. Pestic Sci 29:419–425 Google Scholar
Blackshaw, RE, O'Donovan, JT, Harker, KN, Li, X (2002) Beyond herbicides: new approaches to managing weeds. Pages 305–312 in Proceedings of the International Conference on Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture for Dry Areas; Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada Dobing Enterprises Google Scholar
Bradley, DH, Donald, CT (2001) Effects of imazethapyr and pendimethalin on lentil (Lens culinaris), pea (Pisum sativum), and on subsequent winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) crop. Weed Technol 15:190–194 Google Scholar
Brand, J, Yaduraju, NT, Shivakumar, BG, McMurray, L (2007) Weed management. Pages 159–172 in Yadav, SS, McNeil, DL, Stevenson, PC, eds. Lentil: An Ancient Crop for Modern Times. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer Google Scholar
Day, T, Day, H, Hawthorne, W, Mayfield, A, McMurray, L, Rethus, G, Turner, C (2006) Grain legume handbook. Pages 10–18 in Lamb, J, Poddar, A, eds. The Grain Legume Handbook. Riverton, South Australia: The Grain Legume Handbook Committee Google Scholar
Elkoca, E, Kantar, F, Zengin, H (2004) Effects of chemical and agronomical weed control treatments on weed density, yield and yield parameters of lentil (Lens culinaris L. Cv. Erzurum-89). Asian J Plant Sci 3:187–192 Google Scholar
Elkoca, E, Kantar, F, Zengin, H (2005) Weed control in lentil (Lens culinaris) in eastern Turkey. N Z J Crop Hort Sci 33:223–231 Google Scholar
Elkola, E, Kantar, F, Zengin, H (2004) Effects of chemical and agronomic weed control treatments on weed density, yield and yield parameters of lentil (Lens culinaris Cv. Erzurum-89). Asian J Plant Sci 2:187–192 Google Scholar
Erman, M, Tepe, I, Bukun, B, Yergin, R, Taskesen, M (2008) Critical period of weed control in winter sown lentil under non-irrigated conditions in Turkey. Afr J Agric Res 8:523–530 Google Scholar
Erman, M, Tepe, I, Yazlik, A, Levent, R, Ipek, K (2004) Effect of weed control treatments on weeds, seed yield components and nodulation in winter lentil. Weed Res 44:305–312 Google Scholar
[FAOSTAT] The Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database (2008) Agriculture Data. http://www.faostat.fao.org. Accessed June 18, 2008Google Scholar
[FAOSTAT] The Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database (2012) Agriculture Data. http://www.faostat.fao.org. Accessed March 24, 2012Google Scholar
Halila, MH (1995) Status and potential of winter-sowing of lentil in Tunisia. Pages 172–183 in Proceedings of the Workshop on Towards Improved Winter-Sown Lentil Production for the West Asia and North African Highlands, 1994, Antalya, TurkeyGoogle Scholar
Holding, D, Bowcher, A (2004) Weeds in Winter Pulses—Integrated Solutions. Australian Weed Management Technical Series No. 9. Australian Weed Management, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, p58 Google Scholar
Karimmojeni, H, Yousefi, AR, Kudsk, P, Bazrafshan, AH (2015) Broadleaf weed control in winter-sown lentil (Lens culinaris). Weed Technol 29:56–62 Google Scholar
Knezevic, SZ, Evans, SP, Blankenship, EE, Van Acker, RC, Lindquist, JL (2002) Critical period of weed control: the concept and data analysis. Weed Sci 50:773–786 Google Scholar
Lees, B (2004) Weed control in chickpea, an Alberta perspective. http://ssca.usask.ca/conference/2000proceedings/Lees.html. Accessed February 1, 2000Google Scholar
Moyer, JR (1987) Effects of soil moisture on the efficacy and selectivity of soil-applied herbicides. Rev Weed Sci 3:19–34 Google Scholar
Saleeb, SR, Al-Assily, KA (2001) Effect of irrigation regime and some weed control treatments on lentil yield and associated weeds. Ann Agric Sci 46:605–617 Google Scholar
Sandral, GA, Dear, BS, Pratley, JE, Cullis, BR (1997) Herbicide dose rate response curve in subterranean clover determined by a bioassay. Aust J Exp Agric 37:67–74 Google Scholar
Sarker, A, Erskine, WE (2006) Recent progress in ancient lentil. J Agric Sci 144:19–29 Google Scholar
SAS Institute. 2003. SAS/STAT User's Guide, Version 9.1. SAS Institute, Cary, NC Google Scholar
Singh, S, Sinha, KK, Mishra, SS, Pandey, IS, Sinha, SS (1992) Effect of inoculation, nitrogen and weed management on lentil (Lens culinaris). Indian J Agron 37:115–118 Google Scholar
Smitchger, JA, Burke, CI, Yenish, JP (2012) The critical period of weed control in lentil (Lens culinaris) in the Pacific Northwest. Weed Sci 60:81–85 Google Scholar
Tepe, I, Erman, M, Yazlik, A, Levent, R, Ipek, K (2005) Comparison of some winter lentil cultivars in weed–crop competition. Crop Prot 24:585–589 Google Scholar
Tepe, I, Erman, M, Yazlik, A, Levent, R, Ipek, K (2004) Effect of different control methods on weeds, yield components, and nodulation in the spring lentil. Turk J Agric For 28:49–56 Google Scholar
Zand, E, Baghestani, MA, Soufizadeh, S, Eskandari, A, PourAzar, R, Veysi, M, Mousavi, K, Barjasteh, A (2007) Evaluation of some newly registered herbicides for weed control in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Iran. Crop Prot 26:1349–1358 Google Scholar
Zollinger, RK (2006) North Dakota Weed Control Guide. North Dakota State University (NDSU) Extension Service Bulletin W-253. Fargo, ND: North Dakota State University. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/weeds/w253/w253-1c.htm. Accessed January 2008Google Scholar