Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T22:29:41.096Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of Tillage on Weed Populations in Continuous Barley (Hordeum vulgare)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

John T. O'Donovan  and
David W. McAndrew
John T. O'Donovan*
Affiliation:
Alberta Research Council, Vegreville, AB, Canada T9C 1T4
David W. McAndrew
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, MB, Canada R6M 1Y5
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: o'[email protected].
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The influence of four tillage systems, varying from intensive to zero tillage, on weed populations and the vertical distribution of weed seeds in the soil was determined at Alliance, Hairy Hill, and Wainwright in northeastern Alberta. The soil was sampled at two depths (0 to 5 and 5 to 10 cm) in fall. Weed seedling emergence in the greenhouse over the winter was assumed to represent the type and amount of weed seeds present in the soil seedbank. Emerged weed seedlings were also identified and counted in the field in spring. In the zero-tillage system, most of the weed seeds were close to the soil surface (0 to 5 cm) at Alliance and Wainwright but were deeper (5 to 10 cm) at Hairy Hill. The winter annuals, field pennycress, shepherd's-purse, and flixweed, and the summer annuals, wild buckwheat and common lambsquarters, increased in the soil seedbank as tillage was reduced, but the higher populations in the soil seedbank did not always result in higher spring seedling populations under zero tillage. In contrast to the seedbank, spring seedling populations of common lambsquarters at Alliance and field pennycress and ball mustard at Hairy Hill were lowest in the zero-tillage system, suggesting that the requirement for herbicides for controlling these weeds in the crop may be least under zero tillage. Both soil seedbank and spring seedling populations of shepherd's-purse at Wainwright and Alliance and of flixweed at Alliance were highest in the zero-tillage system. At Alliance, wild buckwheat seedling emergence in the spring tended to be highest in the minimum-tillage system (one tillage operation prior to seeding). Both soil seedbank and spring seedling populations of green foxtail decreased as tillage was reduced, indicating that green foxtail should become less of a problem under reduced tillage.

Keywords

Ball mustard, Neslia paniculata (L.) Desv. #3 NEAPAcommon lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. CHEALfield pennycress, Thlaspi arvense L. THLARflixweed, Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl. DESSOgreen foxtail, Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. SETVIshepherd's-purse, Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. CAPBPwild buckwheat, Polygonum convolvulus L. POLCOIntensive tillagemoderate tillageminimum tillagezero tillage
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 14 , Issue 4 , December 2000 , pp. 726 - 733
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Anderson, R. L. 1999. Cultural strategies reduce weed densities in summer annual crops. Weed Technol. 13: 314–319.Google Scholar
Ball, D. A. 1992. Weed seedbank response to tillage, herbicides and crop rotation sequence. Weed Sci. 40: 654–659.Google Scholar
Blackshaw, R. E., Stobbe, E. H., Shaykewich, C. F., and Woodbury, W. 1981. Effect of seeding dates and densities of green foxtail (Setaria viridis) on the growth and productivity of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum). Weed Sci. 29: 212–217.Google Scholar
Blackshaw, R. E., Larney, F. O., Lindwall, C. W., and Kozub, G. C. 1994. Crop rotation and tillage effects on weed populations on the semi-arid Canadian prairies. Weed Technol. 8: 231–237.Google Scholar
Brenchley, W. E. and Warrington, K. 1930. The weed seed population of arable soil. I. Numerical estimation of viable weed seeds and observations on their natural dormancy. J. Ecol. 18: 235–272.Google Scholar
Campbell, C. A. 1978. Soil organic carbon, nitrogen and fertility. In Soil Organic Matter. Developments in Soil Science. Volume 8. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier. pp. 173–271.Google Scholar
Cardina, J., Regnier, E., and Harrison, K. 1991. Long term tillage effects on seed banks in three Ohio soils. Weed Sci. 39: 186–194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clements, D. R., Benoit, D. L., Murphy, S. D., and Swanton, C. J. 1996. Tillage effects on weed seed return and seedbank composition. Weed Sci. 44: 314–322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Derksen, D. A., Lafond, G. P., Thomas, A. G., Loeppky, H. A., and Swanton, C. J. 1993. Impact of agronomic practices on weed communities: tillage systems. Weed Sci. 41: 409–417.Google Scholar
Dorado, J., Del Monte, J. P., and Lopez-Fando, C. 1999. Weed seedbank response to crop rotation and tillage in semiarid agroecosystems. Weed Sci. 47: 67–73.Google Scholar
Froud-Williams, R. J., Chancellor, R. J., and Drennan, D.S.H. 1981. Potential changes in weed floras associated with reduced cultivation systems for cereal production in temperate regions. Weed Res. 21: 99–109.Google Scholar
Froud-Williams, R. J., Drennan, D.S.H., and Chancellor, R. J. 1983. Influence of cultivation regime on weed flora of arable land. J. Appl. Ecol. 20: 187–197.Google Scholar
Froud-Williams, R. J., Chancellor, R. J., and Drennan, D.S.H. 1984. The effects of seed burial and soil disturbance on emergence and survival of arable weeds in relation to minimal cultivation. J. Appl. Ecol. 21: 629–641.Google Scholar
Gauer, E., Shaykewich, C. F., and Stobbe, E. H. 1982. Soil temperature and soil water under zero tillage in Manitoba. Can. J. Soil Sci. 62: 311–325.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayhoe, H. N., Dwyer, L. M., Balchin, D., and Culley, J.L.B. 1993. Tillage effects on corn emergence rates. Soil Tillage Res. 26: 45–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hume, L., Tessier, S., and Dyck, F. B. 1991. Tillage and rotation influences on weed community composition in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in southwestern Saskatchewan. Can. J. Plant Sci. 71: 783–789.Google Scholar
Lafond, G., Brandt, S., McAndrew, D., Stobbe, E., and Tessier, S. 1990. Tillage systems and crop production. In Lafond, G. P. and Fowler, D. P., eds. Crop Management for Conservation. Proceedings of the Soil Conservation Symp., Yorkton, SK, Saskatoon: University of Saskatchewan and Regina: Hoechst Canada Inc. pp. 155–201.Google Scholar
Légère, A. and Sampson, N. 1999. Relative influence of crop rotation, tillage, and weed management on weed associations in spring barley cropping systems. Weed Sci. 47: 112–122.Google Scholar
Mahli, S. S. and Nyborg, M. 1990. Effect of tillage and straw on yield and N uptake of barley grown under different N fertility regimes. Soil Tillage Res. 17: 115–124.Google Scholar
McAndrew, D. W., Fuller, L. G., and Wetter, L. G. 1994. Grain and straw yields of barley under four tillage systems in northeastern Alberta. Can. J. Plant Sci. 74: 713–722.Google Scholar
O'Donovan, J. T., McAndrew, D. W., and Thomas, A. G. 1997. Tillage and nitrogen influence weed popoulation dynamics in barley. Weed Technol. 11: 502–509.Google Scholar
[SAS] Statistical Analysis Systems. 1989. SAS/STAT User's Guide. Version 6, Volume 2, 4th. ed. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 846 p.Google Scholar
Steel, R.G.D. and Torrie, J. H. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics. New York: McGraw-Hill. 633 p.Google Scholar
Swanton, C. J., Shresta, A., Roy, R. C., Ball-Coelho, B. R., and Knezevic, S. C. 1999. Effect of tillage systems, N, and cover crop on the composition of weed flora. Weed Sci. 47: 454–461.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R., Beste, C. E., and Pots, W. E. 1991. Response of weeds to tillage and cover crop residue. Weed Sci. 39: 195–199.Google Scholar
Thomas, A. G. and Frick, B. L. 1993. Influence of tillage systems on weed abundance in southwestern Ontario. Weed Technol. 7: 699–705.Google Scholar
Thompson, K., Band, S. R., and Hodgson, J. G. 1993. Seed size and shape predict persistence in soil. Funct. Ecol. 7: 236–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vanden Born, W. H. 1971. Green foxtail: seed dormancy, germination and growth. Can. J. Plant Sci. 51: 53–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar