Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T07:50:02.972Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Dissipation and Leaching of Pyroxasulfone and S-Metolachlor

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Eric P. Westra ,
Dale L. Shaner ,
Philip H. Westra  and
Phillip L. Chapman
Eric P. Westra*
Affiliation:
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
Dale L. Shaner
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS Water Management Unit, Fort Collins, CO 80526
Philip H. Westra
Affiliation:
Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
Phillip L. Chapman
Affiliation:
Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Pyroxasulfone dissipation and mobility in the soil was evaluated and compared to S-metolachlor in 2009 and 2010 at two field sites in northern Colorado, on a Nunn fine clay loam, and Olney fine sandy loam soil. Pyroxasulfone dissipation half-life (DT50) values varied from 47 to 134 d, and those of S-metolachlor ranged from 39 to 63 d. Between years, herbicide DT50 values were similar under the Nunn fine clay loam soil. Under the Olney fine sandy loam soil, dissipation in 2009 was minimal under dry soil conditions. In 2010, under the Olney fine sandy loam soil, S-metolachlor and pyroxasulfone had half-lives of 39 and 47 d, respectively, but dissipation rates appeared to be influenced by movement of herbicides below 30 cm. Herbicide mobility was dependent on site-year conditions, in all site-years pyroxasulfone moved further downward in the soil profile compared to S-metolachlor.

La disipación y movilidad de pyroxasulfone en el suelo fueron evaluadas y comparadas con las de S-metolachlor en 2009 y 2010 en dos campos en el Norte de Colorado, en un suelo Nunn franco arcilloso fino y un suelo Olney franco arenoso fino. Los valores de vida media de disipación (DT50) de pyroxasulfone variaron entre 47 y 134 d, y de S-metolachlor entre 39 y 63 d. Entre años, los valores DT50 de los herbicidas fueron similares en el suelo Nunn franco arcilloso fino. Mientras que en el suelo Olney franco arenoso fino, la disipación en 2009 fue mínima bajo condiciones de suelo seco. En 2010 en el suelo Olney franco arenoso fino, S-metolachlor y pyroxasulfone tuvieron vidas medias de 39 a 47 d, respectivamente, pero las tasas de disipación parecieron ser influenciadas por el movimiento de los herbicidas debajo de los 30 cm de profundidad. La movilidad de los herbicidas dependió de las condiciones sitio-año, y en todos los sitios-año pyroxasulfone se movió a mayor profundidad que S-metolachlor dentro del perfil del suelo.

Keywords

PyroxasulfoneS-metolachlorDissipationmobilityirrigation
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 28 , Issue 1 , March 2014 , pp. 72 - 81
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Bowman, BT (1988) Mobility and persistence of metolachlor and aldicarb in field lysimeters. J Environ Qual 17:689–694 Google Scholar
Braverman, MP, Lavy, TL, Barnes, CJ. (1986) The degradation and bioactivity of metolachlor in the soil. Weed Sci 34:479–484 Google Scholar
Carter (2000) Herbicide movement in soils: principles, pathways and processes. Weed Res 40:113–122 Google Scholar
Kalkhoff, SJ, Kolpin, DW, Thurman, EM, Ferrer, I, Barcelo, D (1998) Degradation of chloroacetanilide herbicides: the prevalence of sulfonic and oxanilic acid metabolites in Iowa groundwaters and surface waters. Environ Sci Technol 32:1738–1740 Google Scholar
Kozak, J, Weber, JB, Sheets, TJ (1983) Adsorption of prometryn and metolachlor by selected soil organic matter fractions. Soil Sci 136:94–101 Google Scholar
Krutz, LJ, Zablotowicz, RM, Reddy, KN, Koger, CH III, Weaver, MA (2007) Enhanced degradation of atrazine under field conditions correlates with a loss of weed control in the glasshouse. Pest Manage Sci 63:23–31 Google Scholar
LeBaron, HM, McFarland, JE, Simoneaux, BJ (1988) Metolachlor. Pages 335–381 in Keamey, PC, Kaufman, DD, eds. Herbicides: Chemistry, Degradation and Mode of Action. New York: Marcel-Dekker Google Scholar
Lin, Y-J, Karuppiah, M, Shaw, A, Gupta, G (1999) Effect of simulated sunligtht on atrazine and metolachlor toxicity of surface waters. Ecotoxicol Environ Safe 43:35–37 Google Scholar
Mersie, W, McNamee, C, Seybold, C, Wu, J, Tierney, D (2004) Degradation of metolachlor in bare and vegetated soils and in simulated water-sediment systems. Environ Toxicol Chem 23:2627–2632 Google Scholar
Mueller, TC, Steckel, LE (2011) Efficacy and dissipation of pyroxasulfone and three chloroacetamides in a Tennessee field soil. Weed Sci 59:574–579 Google Scholar
Obrigawitch, T, Hons, FM, Abernathy, JR, Gipson, JR (1981) Adsorption, desorption, and mobility of metolachlor in soils. Weed Sci 29:332–336 Google Scholar
Rivard, L (2003) Environmental Fate of Metolachlor. Sacramento, CA: Environmental Monitoring Branch, Department of Pesticide Regulation Google Scholar
Sanyal, D, Kulshrestha, G (1999) Effects of repeated metolachlor applications on its persistence in field soil and degradation kinetics in mixed microbial cultures. Biol Fertil Soils 30:124–131 Google Scholar
Shaner, DL, Brunk, G, Belles, D, Westra, P, Nissen, S (2006) Soil dissipation and biological activity of metolachlor and S-metolachlor in five soils. Pest Manage Sci 62:617–623 Google Scholar
Wagenet, RJ, Hutson, JL (1990) Quantifying pesticide behavior in soil. Annu Rev Phytopathol 28:295–319 Google Scholar
Walker, A, Brown, PA (1985) The relative persistence in soil of five acetanilide herbicides. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 34:143–149 Google Scholar
Wauchope, RD, Baker, DB, Balu, K, Nelson, H (1994) Pesticides in surface and ground waters. Issue Paper No. 2. Available at www.cast-science.org/cast/src/cast_top.htmGoogle Scholar
Westra, EP (2012) Adsorption, leaching, and dissipation of pyroxasulfone and two chloroacetamide herbicides. Colorado State University. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, 77. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1038967797?accountid=10223 (1038967797)Google Scholar
Zimdahl, RL, Clark, SK (1982) Degradation of three acetanilide herbicides in soil. Weed Sci 30:545–548 Google Scholar