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Critical Period of Interference between American Black Nightshade and Triploid Watermelon

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Joshua I. Adkins ,
William M. Stall ,
Bielinski M. Santos ,
Stephen M. Olson  and
Jason A. Ferrell
Joshua I. Adkins*
Affiliation:
Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611
William M. Stall
Affiliation:
Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611
Bielinski M. Santos
Affiliation:
Gulf Coast Research and Education Center–Balm, University of Florida, 14625 CR 672, Wimauma, FL 33598
Stephen M. Olson
Affiliation:
North Florida Research and Education Center–Quincy, University of Florida, 155 Research Road, Quincy, FL 32351
Jason A. Ferrell
Affiliation:
Agronomy Department, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110505, Gainesville, FL 32611
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Field trials were conducted in the spring of 2007 and 2008 to investigate the critical period of interference between American black nightshade and triploid watermelon. To determine the critical period, the maximum period of competition and minimum weed-free period were examined. American black nightshade (2 plants m−2) was established into watermelon plots at watermelon transplanting and removed at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 wk after transplanting to determine the maximum period of competition. American black nightshade (2 plants m−2) was established into watermelon plots at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 wk after transplanting and remained until watermelon harvest to determine the minimum weed-free period. To avoid yield loss from exceeding 10% of a crop grown weed-free, the maximum period of competition and minimum weed-free period were found to be 3.9 and 3.6 weeks after transplanting, respectively. Therefore, if American black nightshade is controlled at any time during the critical period of 3.6 to 3.9 wk after transplanting, yield loss should not exceed 10% of a crop grown weed-free.

Se llevaron al cabo estudios de campo en la primavera de 2007 y 2008 para investigar el período crítico de interferencia entre Solanum americanum Mill. SOLAM y Citrullus lanatus (Thunb). Para determinar dicho período crítico, se examinaron el período máximo de competencia y el período mínimo libre de malezas. Los estudios se realizaron con dos plantas/ m2 de la Solanum americanum Mill. SOLAM. La Solanum americanum Mill. SOLAM fue establecida en las parcelas de sandía en el momento del transplante y fue removida a las 0,1, 2, 3,4 y 5 semanas después, para determinar el período máximo de competencia. Se estableció la Solanum americanum Mill. SOLAM., en parcelas de Citrullus lanatus (Thunb) a las 0,1, 2, 3,4 y 5 semanas después del transplante y se mantuvo hasta la cosecha para determinar el período mínimo libre de malezas Para evitar que la pérdida del rendimiento sea mayor del 10% en un cultivo libre de maleza, en este estudio se determinó que el máximo período de competencia y el período mínimo libre de malezas ocurrieron a las 3.9 y 3.6 semanas después del transplante, respectivamente. Por lo tanto, si la Solanum americanum Mill. SOLAM es controlada en cualquier momento durante el período crítico de 3.6 a 3.9 semanas después del transplante, la pérdida del rendimiento no debe exceder del 10% de un cultivo libre de malezas.

Keywords

American black nightshadeSolanum americanum Mill. SOLAMwatermelonCitrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsumura and Nakai cv. ‘Super Crisp’Competitionmaximum period of competitionminimum weed-free periodyield loss
Type
Weed Biology and Competition
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 24 , Issue 3 , September 2010 , pp. 397 - 400
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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