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Alternatives for Control of Paraquat Tolerant American Black Nightshade (Solanum americana)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Thomas A. Bewick
Affiliation:
Vegetable Crops Dep., Univ. Florida, Gainesville, 32611
William M. Stall
Affiliation:
Vegetable Crops Dep., Univ. Florida, Gainesville, 32611
Stephen R. Kostewicz
Affiliation:
Vegetable Crops Dep., Univ. Florida, Gainesville, 32611
Kenneth Smith
Affiliation:
Vegetable Crops Dep., Univ. Florida, Gainesville, 32611

Abstract

Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to identify alternative herbicide treatments for the control of a biotype of American black nightshade which has been shown to tolerate paraquat. In greenhouse experiments the combination of paraquat and the metal chelator diethyldithiocarbamate at either 1% w/v or 3% w/v, and diquat alone significantly lowered I50 values, based on dry weight, when compared with paraquat alone. None of these treatments provided acceptable control (>90%) in field experiments. Treatments that controlled American black nightshade under field conditions were: monocarbamide dihydrogensulfate at 9 kg ai ha-1, monocarbamide dihydrogensulfate at 9 kg ha-1 + paraquat at 0.6 kg ha-1, lactofen at 0.6 kg ha-1, oxyfluorfen at 0.6 kg ha-1, and acifluorfen at 0.6 kg ha-1. Addition of tridiphane at 1.7 kg ha-1 to paraquat at 0.6 kg ha-1 did not improve control of American black nightshade under field conditions.

Type
Research
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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