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Absence of Interactive Responses of Early Soybean (Glycine max) Growth to Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines), Postemergence Herbicides, and Soil pH and Texture

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Ramon G. Leon ,
Micheal D. K. Owen ,
David H. Soh  and
Gregory L. Tylka
Ramon G. Leon
Affiliation:
Horticulture and Crop Science Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407
Micheal D. K. Owen*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, 2104 Agronomy Hall, Ames, IA 50011
David H. Soh
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, 351 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011
Gregory L. Tylka
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, 351 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Farmer observations and previous studies indicated that reductions in soybean yield caused by the soybean cyst nematode (SCN) are greater when other stresses, biotic or abiotic, are present. Also, it has been reported that the effect of SCN on soybean growth depended on factors such as soil pH, soil texture, and herbicides. Although postemergence herbicides may adversely affect soybean metabolism, acifluorfen can reduce SCN infection. The objective of the present study was to determine the main and interactive effects of SCN egg population density (SCND), soil pH, soil texture, and the application of the herbicides acifluorfen, glyphosate, and imazethapyr on early soybean growth. Greenhouse studies assessed different combinations of these factors for 65 d after planting. No interactions were observed for any of the main effects. Soil pH and texture did not affect soybean growth. SCND was the only main effect that explained soybean growth reductions. The effect of SCND on soybean growth was exhibited as 15–50% decreases of leaf area index (LAI) and dry weight in all cases, but reductions in plant height also were observed. No relationship between SCND and the number of SCN eggs recovered at the end of the experiment was observed. Herbicides did not reduce soybean growth, although acifluorfen consistently caused the highest soybean injury reaching 18–20% from 1–14 days after application (DAA). At 50 DAA, acifluorfen injury was negligible, and soybean LAI and dry weight did not differ from the nontreated control. These results indicated that the effect of SCN on soybean growth was not directly affected by the other evaluated main effects. Therefore, trends observed in the field that suggested interactions between those factors are likely the result of other factors not considered in the present study or to more complex relationships between factors analyzed in the present study and other elements present in the field.

Keywords

Acifluorfen, glyphosate, imazethapyrsoybeansoybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines IchinocheHerbicide injurynematode infectionAMS, ammonium sulfateCOC, crop oil concentrateDAA, days after applicationDAP, days after plantingLAI, leaf area index: MSO, methylated seed oilPPFD, photosynthetic photon flux densitySCN, soybean cyst nematodeSCND, SCN egg population density
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 19 , Issue 4 , December 2005 , pp. 847 - 854
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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