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Weed Control in Soybean (Glycine max) with Green Manure Crops

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Gopal Krishnan ,
David L. Holshouser  and
Scott J. Nissen
Gopal Krishnan
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915
David L. Holshouser
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915
Scott J. Nissen
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915
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Abstract

Greenhouse and field experiments were initiated to evaluate rapeseed and mustard species as green manure crops for weed suppression. Under greenhouse conditions incorporating 20 g fresh wt leaf and stem tissue of rapeseed, two white mustards, and brown mustard into 450 g Sharpsburg, silty clay loam soil resulted in significant reductions in weed emergence, biomass, and height. Kochia, shepherd's-purse, and green foxtail emergences were reduced by all green manure crops. Redroot pigweed emergence was reduced by all green manure crops except brown mustard, and velvetleaf emergence was reduced by white mustards only. Kochia and shepherd's-purse fresh weights were reduced by all green manure crops, while redroot pigweed and velvetleaf fresh weights were reduced by brown mustard and white mustard var. Salvo. Green foxtail fresh weight was reduced by all green manure crops except rapeseed. With the exception of shepherd's-purse, no relationship between glucosinolate content of the incorporated green manure and suppression of weed growth was found. Under field conditions, early spring-planted green manure crops reduced early season weed biomass in soybean at one of the two locations. Mustard species as green manure crops reduced total weed biomass in soybean by 40% 4 weeks after emergence (WAE) and 49% 6 WAE. Soybean biomass and yield were sometimes reduced by the incorporation of green manure crops in treatments containing weeds; however, hand-weeded plots with green manure treatments yielded similar to hand-weeded plots without green manure.

Keywords

Green foxtail, Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. # SETVIkochia, Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. # KCHSClarge crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. # DIGSAredroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus (L.) # AMAREshepherd's-purse, Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medikus. # CAPBPvelvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medikus # ABUTHbrown mustard, Brassica juncea (L.) ‘Greenwave’rapeseed, Brassica napus (L.) ‘Jupiter’soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrwhite mustard, Brassica hirta Moench. ‘Martigena’ and ‘Salvo.’AllelopathyglucosinolateisothiocyanatesmustardrapeseedSETVIKCHSCDIGSAAMARECAPBPABUTHDAE, days after emergenceDAP, days after plantingITC, isothiocyanateWAE, weeks after emergenceWAP, weeks after planting
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 12 , Issue 1 , March 1998 , pp. 97 - 102
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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