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Tall Morningglory (Ipomoea purpurea) Seedbank Density Effects on Pendimethalin Control Outcomes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Brian J. Schutte  and
Ashley Cunningham
Brian J. Schutte*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Pathology and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003
Ashley Cunningham
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Pathology and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Pendimethalin control failures on tall morningglory are critical shortcomings in weed-control programs for chile pepper in New Mexico. Using weed seedbank augmentation, we conducted a field study to (1) determine if pendimethalin control of tall morningglory is affected by tall morningglory seedbank density, and (2) identify weed community factors that influence labor for removing the tall morningglory plants that escape pendimethalin. The field study was complemented with a growth chamber study conducted to clarify the effects of pendimethalin rate on the putative association between tall morningglory seedbank density and pendimethalin control outcomes. Under field conditions and after square-root transformation of the dependent variable, the effects of seedbank density on seedling escape density were described with natural logarithmic functions. Although pendimethalin control of tall morningglory decreased with increasing seedbank density, seedbank additions increased labor requirements for removing tall morningglory at only a site-year characterized by low population densities in the indigenous weed community. In growth chambers, increasing pendimethalin rate negatively influenced the effects of increasing seedbank density on pendimethalin control failures. This study shows that pendimethalin control of tall morningglory is reduced when seedbank densities of this species are high. Knowledge of seedbank density effects on specific control outcomes may influence grower attitudes on management strategies that target weed seedbanks.

Fallas en el control de Ipomoea purpurea con pendimethalin son limitantes críticas en los programas de control de malezas en pimiento en New Mexico. Usando una argumentación basada en banco de semillas de malezas, realizamos un estudio de campo para: 1) determinar si el control con pendimethalin de I. purpurea es afectado por la densidad del banco de semillas de esta maleza, e 2) identificar los factores de la comunidad de malezas que influencian la labor de remoción de plantas de I. purpurea que escapan a pendimethalin. El estudio de campo fue complementado con un estudio en una cámara de crecimiento realizado para aclarar los efectos de la dosis de pendimethalin sobre la asociación putativa entre la densidad del banco de semillas de I. purpurea y los resultados del control con pendimethalin. Bajo condiciones de campo y después de transformar con raíz cuadrada la variable dependiente, los efectos de la densidad del banco de semillas sobre la densidad de escapes de plántulas fue descrita con funciones logarítmicas naturales. Aunque el control de I. purpurea con pendimethalin disminuyó con el aumento de la densidad del banco de semillas, adiciones al banco de semillas aumentaron los requerimientos de labranza para remover I. purpurea en solamente un sitio-año, el cual estuvo caracterizado por densidades de población bajas en la comunidad indígena de malezas. En las cámaras de crecimiento, el aumentar la dosis de pendimethalin influenció negativamente los efectos de incrementos en la densidad del banco de semillas sobre las fallas en el control con pendimethalin. Este estudio muestra que el control de I. purpurea con pendimethalin se reduce cuando las densidades del banco de semillas de esta especie son altas. Este conocimiento de los efectos de la densidad del banco de semillas sobre los resultados específicos del control podría influenciar las actitudes de los productores sobre las estrategias de manejo que se enfocan en los bancos de semillas de malezas.

Keywords

Pendimethalintall morningglory, Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth. PHBPUFunctional relationships for weed controlherbicide efficacyseedbank managementsoil-applied herbicideweed seedbank
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 29 , Issue 4 , December 2015 , pp. 844 - 853
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: Randy L. Anderson, USDA-ARS.

References

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