Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-02T21:22:05.567Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Remediation of Herbicides in Runoff Water from Container Plant Nurseries Utilizing Grassed Waterways

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Jeanne A. Briggs ,
Ted Whitwell  and
Melissa B. Riley
Jeanne A. Briggs*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, 172 P & A Building, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0375
Ted Whitwell
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, 172 P & A Building, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0375
Melissa B. Riley
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology and Physiology, 120 Long Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0377
*
Corresponding author: J. A. Briggs.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The ability of grassed waterways to remediate herbicide loads in runoff water was evaluated using simulated and on-site nursery research. Isoxaben plus oryzalin and isoxaben plus trifluralin were applied to model grassed (zoysiagrass or ‘Tifway 10’ hybrid bermudagrass) and nongrassed, metal and clay loam waterways, and runoff samples were collected. Grassed waterways reduced runoff volume an average of 47% and herbicide residues an average of 56% compared to nongrassed waterways. The smallest herbicide residues were from the clay/grass waterways. In a nursery study, isoxaben and trifluralin were applied to containerized landscape plant production beds. Overhead irrigation was applied and runoff water was channeled into either a clay/gravel waterway or a hybrid bermudagrass waterway. Samples were collected for 22 d following application. Isoxaben persisted through 15 d after application. Trifluralin was detected through 2 d after application. Total isoxaben recovered from the clay/gravel waterway was 32% of applied, and total trifluralin recovered was 0.9% of applied. The grass waterway reduced residues of isoxaben and trifluralin by 22 and 66%, respectively, compared to the clay/gravel waterway.

Keywords

Isoxaben, N-[3-(1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-2,6-dimethoxybenzamideoryzalin, 4-(dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitrobenzenesulfonamidetrifluralin, 2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzenaminezoysiagrass, Zoysia japonica Steud. ‘Meyer'hybrid bermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt-DavyContainer plant productiondinitroanilineturfgrassvegetated filter stripsDAA, days after applicationDOA, day of applicationHPLC, high-pressure liquid chromatographyVFS, vegetated filter strips
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 13 , Issue 1 , March 1999 , pp. 157 - 164
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

1

South Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Publication 4409.

References

Literature Cited

Asmussen, L. E., White, A. W. Jr., Hauser, E. W., and Sheridan, J. M. 1977. Reduction of 2,4-D load in surface runoff down a grassed waterway. J. Environ. Qual. 6:159–162.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, J. L., Laflen, J. M., and Johnson, H. P. 1978. Effect of tillage systems on runoff losses of pesticides, a rainfall simulation study. Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. 21:886–892.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Briggs, J. A., Riley, M. B., and Whitwell, T. 1994. The effect of grassed waterways on the pesticide content of runoff water. Proc. South. Nurseryman's Assoc. 39:57–59.Google Scholar
Brown, C. D., Hodgkinson, R. A., Rose, D. A., Syers, J. K., and Wilcockson, S. J. 1995. Movement of pesticides to surface waters from a heavy clay soil. Pestic. Sci. 43:131–140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Camper, N. D., Whitwell, T., Keese, R. J., and Riley, M. B. 1994. Herbicide levels in nursery containment pond water and sediments. J. Environ. Hortic. 12:8–12.Google Scholar
Chaubey, I., Edwards, D. R., Daniel, T. C., Moore, P. A. Jr., and Nichols, D. J. 1994. Effectiveness of vegetative filter strips in retaining surface-applied swine manure constituents. Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. 37:845–850.Google Scholar
Dillaha, T. A., Sherrard, J. H., Lee, D., Mostaghimi, S., and Shanholtz, V. O. 1988. Evaluation of vegetative filter strips as a best management practice for feed lots. J. Water. Pollut. Control Fed. 60:1231–1238.Google Scholar
Dillaha, T. A., Reneau, R. B., Mostaghimi, S., and Lee, D. 1989a. Vegetative filter strips for agricultural nonpoint source pollution control. Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. 32:513–519.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dillaha, T. A. III, Sherrard, J. H., and Lee, D. 1989b. Long-term effectiveness of vegetative filter strips. Water Environ. Technol. 1:418–421.Google Scholar
Fretz, T. A. 1972. Weed competition in container grown Japanese holly. HortScience 7:485–486.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilliam, C. H., Fare, D. C., and Beasley, A. 1992. Nontarget herbicide losses from application of granular Ronstar to container nurseries. J. Environ. Hortic. 10:175–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grass, B., Wenclawiak, B. W., and Rüdel, H. 1994. Influence of air velocity, air temperature, and air humidity on the volatilization of trifluralin from soil. Chemosphere 28:491–499.Google Scholar
Harrison, S. A., Watschke, T. L., Mumma, R. O., Jarrett, A. R., and Hamilton, G. W. Jr. 1993. Nutrient and pesticide concentrations in water from chemically treated turfgrass. In Pesticides in Urban Environments: Fate and Significance. Racke, K. D. and Leslie, A. R., eds. ACS Symposium Series 522. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society. pp. 191–207.Google Scholar
Keese, R. J., Camper, N. D., Whitwell, T., Riley, M. B., and Wilson, P. C. 1994. Herbicide runoff from ornamental container nurseries. J. Environ. Qual. 23:320–324.Google Scholar
Linde, D. T., Watschke, T. L., Jarrett, A. R., and Borger, J. A. 1995. Surface runoff assessment from creeping bentgrass and perennial ryegrass turf. Agron. J. 87:176–182.Google Scholar
MacDonald, E.M.S. and Morris, R. O. 1985. Isolation of cytokinins by immunoaffinity chromatography and analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography radioimmunoassay. Methods Enzymol. 110:347–358.Google Scholar
Magette, W. L., Brinsfield, R. B., Palmer, R. E., and Wood, J. D. 1989. Nutrient and sediment removal by vegetated filter strips. Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. 32:663–667.Google Scholar
Mickelson, S. K. and Baker, J. L. 1993. Buffer Strips for Controlling Herbicide Runoff Losses. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural Engineers Pap. 93–2084.Google Scholar
Nicholls, P. H. 1988. Factors influencing entry of pesticides into soil water. Pestic. Sci. 22:123–137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pritchard, T. W., Lee, J. G., and Engel, B. A. 1993. Reducing agricultural sediment: an economic analysis of filter strips versus micro-targeting. Water Sci. Technol. 28:561–568.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riley, M. B., Keese, R. J., Camper, N. D., Whitwell, T., and Wilson, P. C. 1994. Pendimethalin and oxyfluorfen residues in pond water and sediment from container plant nurseries. Weed Technol. 8:299–303.Google Scholar
Rohde, W. A., Asmussen, L. E., Hauser, E. W., Wauchope, R. D., and Allison, H. D. 1980. Trifluralin movement in runoff from a small agricultural watershed. J. Environ. Qual. 9:37–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sauer, T. J. and Daniel, T. C. 1987. Effect of tillage system on runoff losses of surface-applied pesticides. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 51:410–415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schreiber, J. D., Smith, S. Jr., and Cullum, R. F. 1993. Pesticides and nutrients in southern U. S. shallow ground water and runoff. Water Sci. Technol. 28:583–588.Google Scholar
Spencer, W. F. and Cliath, M. M. 1991. Pesticide losses in surface runoff from irrigated fields. In Chemistry for the Protection of the Environment. Pawlowski, L., Lacy, W. J., and Dingosz, J. J., eds. New York: Plenum. pp. 277–289.Google Scholar
Weatherspoon, D. M. and Harrell, C. C. 1980. Evaluation of drip irrigation for container production of woody landscape plants. HortScience 15:488–489.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Willis, G. H. 1982. Review: pesticides in agricultural runoff and their effects on downstream water quality. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1:267–279.Google Scholar
Willis, G. H., Rogers, R. L., and Southwick, L. M. 1975. Losses of diuron, linuron, fenac, and trifluralin in surface drainage water. J. Environ. Qual. 4:399–402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, P., Whitwell, T., and Riley, M. B. 1996. Detection and dissipation of isoxaben and trifluralin in containerized plant nursery runoff water. Weed Sci. 44:683–688.Google Scholar