Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-02T19:20:48.705Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Growth of Containerized Landscape Plants Is Influenced by Herbicides Residues in Irrigation Water

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Rajgopal M. Bhandary ,
Ted Whitwell  and
Jeanne Briggs
Rajgopal M. Bhandary
Affiliation:
Department of Horticultural, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-03475
Ted Whitwell
Affiliation:
Department of Horticultural, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-03475
Jeanne Briggs
Affiliation:
Department of Horticultural, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-03475
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Herbicides play an important role in the production of nursery crops by reducing weed problems and improving production efficiency. Herbicides applied to nursery crops may move in runoff water into retention basins, which are used to irrigate container plants. Studies investigated the growth and development of containerized landscape plants subjected to irrigation water containing herbicide residues. Containerized dwarf gardenia, Snow azalea, Buccaneer azalea, Hellers Japanese holly, fountain grass, and daylily were grown in fine pine bark medium in the greenhouse and were irrigated with water containing 1 mg/L and 10 mg/L of oryzalin, oxyfluorfen, and isoxaben. Fountain grass and daylily were the most sensitive to herbicide application with reduced root and shoot growth. Oryzalin was the most phytotoxic to fountain grass followed by oxyfluorfen and isoxaben. Oryzalin and oxyfluorfen at 10 mg/L reduced the growth index of fountain grass. Oryzalin was the most phytotoxic herbicide to daylily, followed by isoxaben and oxyfluorfen. Only the high rate (10 mg/L) of oryzalin reduced the growth index of daylily. Among woody species, the root weights of Hellers holly were reduced by 10 mg/L of isoxaben. The growth of other woody species was not affected by the herbicides.

Keywords

Isoxaben, N-[3-(1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl)-5-isoxazolyl]-2,6-dimethoxybenzamideoryzalin, 4-(dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitrobenzenesulforamideoxyfluorfen, 2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzeneazalea, Rhododendron obtusum (Lindl.) Planch ‘Buccaneer,’ ‘Snow'daylily, Hemerocallis hybrida L.dwarf gardenia, Gardenia jasminoides radicans Thunbfountain grass, Pennisetum rupelli SteudJapanese holly, Ilex crenata Thunb. ‘Helleri.'Container ornamentalsgrowth responsephytotoxicityAnalysis of variance, ANOVA
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 11 , Issue 4 , December 1997 , pp. 793 - 797
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Anderson, W. 1977. Herbicides and the soil: In Weed Science: Principles. New York: West Publishing Co. pp. 171–200.Google Scholar
Appleby, A. P. and Valverde, B. E. 1989. Behavior of dinitroaniline herbicides in plants. Weed Technol. 3:198–206.Google Scholar
Beste, C. E. and Frank, J. R. 1986. Weed control in newly planted azaleas. J. Environ. Hortic. 3:12–14.Google Scholar
Gilliam, C. H., Fare, D., and Beasley, A. 1992. Nontarget herbicide losses from application of granular Ronstar to container nurseries. J. Environ. Hortic. 10:175–176.Google Scholar
Gilliam, C. H., Fare, D., Keever, G., Wehtje, G., and Lacompte, D. 1991. Movement of herbicides in container media. Proc. South. Nurserymen's Assoc. Res. Conf. 36:273–274.Google Scholar
Gilliam, C. H., Wehtje, G., Eason, J. E., Hicks, T. V., and Fare, D. C. 1989. Weed control with Gallery and other herbicides in field-grown nurserymen's crops. J. Environ. Hortic. 7:69–72.Google Scholar
Glaze, N. C., Singh, M., and Pathak, S. C. 1981. Oryzalin for weed control in container grown pittosporum, cleyera, gardenia, pampasgrass, liriope, and acuba. Proc. South. Nurserymen's Assoc. Res. Conf. 26:235.Google Scholar
Harrison, G. W. and Weber, J. B. 1975. Comparative phytotoxicities of five herbicides in ten North Carolina soils. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 28:283–291.Google Scholar
Keese, R. J., Camper, N. D., Whitwell, T., Riley, M. B., and Wilson, P. C. 1994. Herbicide runoff from ornamental nurseries. J. Environ. Qual. 23:320–324.Google Scholar
Lambert, S. M. 1967. Functional relationship between sorption in soil and chemical structure. J. Agric. Food Chem. 15:572–576.Google Scholar
Leopold, A. C., Van Scaik, P., and Neal, M. 1960. Molecular structure and herbicide adsorption. Weeds 8:48–54.Google Scholar
MacDonald, E.M.S. and Morris, R. O. 1985. Isolation of cytokinins by immunoaffinity chromatography and analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography radioimmunoassay. Methods Enzymol. 110:347–358.Google Scholar
Mahnken, G. E., Skroch, W. A., Sheets, T. J., and Leidy, R. B. 1994. Loss of metolachlor and simazine in surface runoff water from container plant nurseries. J. Environ. Hortic. 12:55–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neal, J. C. and Senesac, A. F. 1990. Summer annual and winter annual weed control in field and soilless media with Gallery (isoxaben). J. Environ. Hortic. 8:124–127.Google Scholar
Neal, J. C. and Sencsac, A. F. 1991. Preemergent herbicide safety in container-grown ornamental grasses. HortScience 26:157–159.Google Scholar
Norcini, J. G. and Aldrich, J. H. 1992. Spotted spurge control and phytotoxicity to day lily from preemergence herbicides. J. Environ. Hortic. 10:14–17.Google Scholar
Peter, C. J. and Weber, J. B. 1985a. Adsorption and efficacy of trifluralin and butralin as influenced by soil properties. Weed Sci. 33:861–867.Google Scholar
Peter, C. J. and Weber, J. B. 1985b. Adsorption, mobility, and efficacy of metribuzin as influenced by soil properties. Weed Sci. 33:868–873.Google Scholar
Pionke, H. B. and Chesters, G. 1973. Pesticide-sediment interactions. J. Environ. Qual. 2:29–45.Google Scholar
Riley, M. B., Keese, R. J., Camper, N. D., Whitwell, T., and Wilson, P. C. 1994. Pendimethalin and oxyfluorfen residues in pond water and sediment from container plant nurseries. Weed Technol. 8:299–303.Google Scholar
Ruter, J. M. and Glaze, N. C. 1992. Herbicide combinations for control of prostrate spurge in container-grown landscape plants. J. Environ. Hortic. 10:19–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singh, M., Glaze, N. C., and Pathak, S. C. 1981. Herbicidal response of container grown Rhododendron species. HortScience 16:213–215.Google Scholar
Skroch, W. A., Catanzaro, C. J., and Yonce, M. H. 1990. Response of nine herbaceous flowering perennials to selected herbicides. J. Environ. Hortic. 8:26–28.Google Scholar
Stamps, R. H. and Neal, C. N. 1990. Evaluation of dinitroaniline herbicides for weed control in container landscape plant production. J. Environ. Hortic. 8:52–57.Google Scholar
Weatherspoon, D. M. and Currey, W. L. 1978. Herbicide evaluations for woody ornamentals in containers. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 28:205–214.Google Scholar
Wells, D. W. and Constantin, R. J. 1989. Herbicide treated pine bark mulch for container grown ornamentals. HortScience 21:934.Google Scholar
Whitwell, T. and Kelly, J. 1989. Effects of preemergence herbicides on hosta and daylily. J. Environ. Hortic. 7:29–31.Google Scholar
Wilson, P. C., Whitwell, T., and Riley, M. B. 1996. Detection and dissipation of isoxaben and trifluralin in containerized plant nursery runoff water. Weed Sci. 44:683–688.Google Scholar