Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T01:06:27.876Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of Soil Solarization, Cover Crops, and Metham on Field Emergence and Survival of Buried Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) Seeds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

R. E. Peachey ,
J. N. Pinkerton ,
K. L. Ivors ,
M. L. Miller  and
L. W. Moore
R. E. Peachey*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture (R.E.P) and Botany and Plant Pathology (M.L.M, L.W.M.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-7304, and USDA ARS HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330 (J.N.P, A.L.I.)
J. N. Pinkerton
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture (R.E.P) and Botany and Plant Pathology (M.L.M, L.W.M.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-7304, and USDA ARS HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330 (J.N.P, A.L.I.)
K. L. Ivors
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture (R.E.P) and Botany and Plant Pathology (M.L.M, L.W.M.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-7304, and USDA ARS HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330 (J.N.P, A.L.I.)
M. L. Miller
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture (R.E.P) and Botany and Plant Pathology (M.L.M, L.W.M.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-7304, and USDA ARS HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330 (J.N.P, A.L.I.)
L. W. Moore
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture (R.E.P) and Botany and Plant Pathology (M.L.M, L.W.M.), Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-7304, and USDA ARS HCRL, Corvallis, OR 97330 (J.N.P, A.L.I.)
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected].
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted on a silty clay loam in Corvallis, OR during the summers of 1995 and 1996 to study the effects of soil solarization, spring-planted green manure crops, fumigation with metham, and combinations of these treatments on annual bluegrass seed survival. Annual bluegrass seeds were incorporated into the soil as a bioassay species and soil samples extracted to a depth of 15 cm to determine effects on seed survival. Soil solarization was applied over a 53- or 59-d period using a 0.6-mil clear polyethylene film. Soil samples were collected from four depths after the solarization period in both solarized and nonsolarized plots and surviving seeds germinated in a greenhouse. Maximum soil temperatures recorded at 5-, 10-, and 20-cm depths were 52, 47, and 33 C in solarized soil, respectively. Solarization reduced annual bluegrass seed survival from 89 to 100% in the upper 5 cm of soil, but did not reduce survival below 5 cm. Solarization may have enhanced seed survival below 5 cm. Cover crops of barley, rapeseed, and sudangrass generally increased survival of annual bluegrass seeds buried 2.5 to 15 cm deep in the soil. Green manure cover crops plus solarization did not improve the efficacy of solarization alone and in some cases diminished the effectiveness of solarization. Solarization significantly improved the efficacy of one-quarter rates of metham (230 L/ha) in the top 5 cm of soil, reducing overall annual bluegrass seed survival in the soil by 40% compared with metham alone (230 L/ha) but only 30% compared with solarization alone. The conventional rate of metham (930 L/ha) was the most effective and consistent treatment across all depths.

Keywords

Metham, methyldithiocarbamic acidannual bluegrass, Poa annua L. #3 POANNspring barley, Hordeum vulgare L. Micahrapeseed, Brassica napus Dwarf Essexsudangrass, Sorghum vulgare Trudan 8Green manuresPE, polyethylenePNW, Pacific Northwest
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 15 , Issue 1 , March 2001 , pp. 81 - 88
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Abu-Irmaileh, B. E. 1991. Weed control in vegetables by soil solarization. In DeVay, J. E., Stapleton, J. J., and Elmore, C. L., eds. Soil Solarization. FAO Plant Prot. Prod. Pap. p. 109.Google Scholar
Al-Khatib, K., Libbey, C., and Boydston, R. 1997. Weed suppression with brassica green manure crops in green pea. Weed Sci. 45: 439–445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnes, J. P. and Putnam, A. R. 1986. Evidence for allelopathy by residues and aqueous extracts of rye (Secale cereale L.). Weed Sci. 86: 384–390.Google Scholar
Bell, C. E. and Laemmlen, F. F. 1991. Weed control by solarization. In Kattan, J. and DeVay, J. E., eds. Soil Solarization. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. Chap. 18.Google Scholar
Boydston, R. A. and Hang, A. 1995. Rapeseed (Brassica napus) green manure crop suppresses weeds in potato (Solanum tuberosum). Weed Technol. 9: 669–675.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chase, W. R., Nair, M. G., and Putnam, A. R. 1991. 2,2’-Oxo-1,1’-azobenzene: Selective toxicity of rye (Secale cereale L.) allelochemicals to weed and crop species: II. J. Chem. Ecol. 17: 9–19.Google Scholar
Creamer, N. G., Bennett, M. A., and Stinner, B. R. 1996. Mechanisms of weed suppression in cover crop-based production systems. HortScience 31: 410–413.Google Scholar
Eberlein, C. V., Morra, M. J., Guttieri, M. J., Brown, P. D., and Brown, J. 1998. Glucosinolate production by five field-grown Brassica napus cultivars used as green manures. Weed Technol. 12: 712–718.Google Scholar
Egley, G. H. 1990. High-temperature effects on germination and survival of weed seeds in soil. Weed Sci. 38: 429–435.Google Scholar
Elmore, C. L. 1990. Use of solarization for weed control. In DeVay, J., Stapleton, J. J., and Elmore, C. L., eds. Proc. First Int. Conf. on Soil Solarization. Amman, Jordan, 19-25 Feb., 1990. Food and Agric. Org. of the United Nations, Rome.Google Scholar
Elmore, C. L. 1991. Weed control by solarization. In Kattan, J. and DeVay, J. E., eds. Soil Solarization. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. Chap. 5.Google Scholar
Fed. Regist. 1999. 64: 29240–29249.Google Scholar
Hallbernect, J. M., Jing, G. N., Princen, L. H., and Rossi, C. 1996. Cruciferous green manures as an alternative to nematicide: The effect of glucosinolate content. In Princen, L. H., ed. Proc. Ninth Int. Conf. on Jojoba and its Uses, and the Third Int. Conf. On New Industrial Crops and Products. pp. 458–465.Google Scholar
Hartz, T. K., DeVay, J. E., and Elmore, C. L. 1993. Solarization is an effective soil disinfestation technique for strawberry production. HortScience 28: 104–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karssen, C. M. and Hilhorst, H.W.M. 1992. Effect of chemical environment on seed germination. In Fenner, M., ed. Seeds: The Ecology of Regeneration in Plant Communities. Wallingford, U.K.: CAB International pp. 327–348.Google Scholar
Krishnan, G., Holshouser, D. L., and Nissen, S. J. 1988. Weed control in soybean (Glycine max) with green manure crops. Weed Technol. 12: 97–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Linke, K. H. 1994. Effect of soil solarization on arable weeds under Mediterranean conditions; control, lack of response, or stimulation. Crop Prot. 13: 115–120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohler, C. L. and Galford, A. E. 1997. Weed seedling emergence and seed survival: Separating the effects of seed position and soil modification by tillage. Weed Res. 37: 147–155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mojtahedi, H. Y., Santo, G. S., Wilson, J. H., and Hang, A. N. 1993. Managing Meloidogyne chitwoodi on potato with rapeseed as green manure. Plant Dis. 77: 42–46.Google Scholar
Muehlchen, A. M., Rand, T. E., and Parke, J. L. 1990. Evaluation of crucifer green manure for controlling aphamomycetes root rot of peas. Plant Dis. 74: 651–654.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oregon Climate Service Data Archives. 1999. College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon St. Univ., Corvallis, OR.Google Scholar
Pinkerton, J. N., Ivors, K. L., Miller, M. L., and Moore, L. W. 2000. Effect of soil solarization and cover crops on populations of selected soilborne plant pathogens in Oregon. Plant Dis. 84: 952–960.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Putnam, A. R. 1988. Allelochemicals from plants as herbicides. Weed Technol. 2: 510–518.Google Scholar
Putnam, A. R. and DeFrank, J. 1983. Use of phytotoxic plant residues for selective weed control. Crop Prot. 2: 173–181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ramirez-Villapudua, J. M. and Munnecke, D. E. 1988. Effect of solar heating and soil amendments of cruciferous residues on Fusarium oxysporum sp.conglutinans and other organisms. Phytopathology 78: 289–295.Google Scholar
SAS. 1996. Cary, NC: SAS Institute.Google Scholar
Standifer, L. C., Wilson, P. W., and Porche-Sorbet, R. 1984. Effects of solarization on soil weed seed populations. Weed Sci. 32: 569–573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Standifer, L. C., and Wilson, P. W. 1988. A high temperature requirement for after ripening of imbibed dormant Poa annua L . seeds. Weed Res. 28: 365–371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stapleton, J. J. and DeVay, J. E. 1986. Soil solarization: A non-chemical approach for management of plant pathogens and pests. Crop Prot. 5: 190–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevens, C. V., Khan, A., Okoronkwo, T., Tang, A., Wilson, M. A., and Lu, J. 1990. Soil solarization and dacthal: influence on weeds, growth, and root microflora of collards. HortScience 25: 1260–1262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, G. 1999. State Climatologist, College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon St. Univ., Corvallis, OR.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R., Best, C. E., and Potts, W. E. 1991. Response of weeds to tillage and cover crop residue. Weed Sci. 39: 195–199.Google Scholar
Weston, L. A., Harmon, R., and Mueller, S. 1989. Allelopathic potential of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (Sudex). J. Chem. Ecol. 15: 1655–1865.Google Scholar