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Dose–Response of Newly Established Elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum) to Postemergence Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Dennis C. Odero  and
Robert A. Gilbert
Dennis C. Odero*
Affiliation:
Everglades Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3200 E Palm Beach Road, Belle Glade, FL 33430
Robert A. Gilbert
Affiliation:
Everglades Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3200 E Palm Beach Road, Belle Glade, FL 33430
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Elephantgrass has been proposed as a potential feedstock for biofuel production in south Florida. To limit future invasion of escapes in sugarcane and vegetables, the response of newly established elephantgrass to glyphosate, clethodim, sethoxydim, asulam, and trifloxysulfuron was determined using dose–response curves. Log-logistic models were used to determine the herbicide dose required to produce 90% growth reduction (GR90). The GR90 values for shoot biomass at 21 d after treatment (DAT) were 477 g ae ha−1 of glyphosate, 262 g ai ha−1 of clethodim, 381 g ai ha−1 of sethoxydim, 12 kg ai ha−1 of asulam, and 94 g ai ha−1 of trifloxysulfuron. The GR90 values for root biomass at 35 DAT were 570 g ae ha−1 of glyphosate, 257 g ai ha−1 of clethodim, 432 g ai ha−1 of sethoxydim, 17 kg ai ha−1 of asulam, and 183 g ai ha−1 of trifloxysulfuron. Elephantgrass was predicted to exhibit 97, 98, 75, 1, and 5% mortality after application of glyphosate, clethodim, sethoxydim, asulam, and trifloxysulfuron, respectively, at the label use rates 35 DAT. Results suggest that glyphosate and clethodim will provide control of newly established elephantgrass at label use rates for spot treatments and in vegetables, respectively. Rates higher than the label use rate of sethoxydim will be required to provide acceptable control of newly established elephantgrass in vegetables. However, newly established elephantgrass was not controlled by asulam and trifloxysulfuron at label use rates, implying that control of escapes will be difficult in sugarcane.

Pennisetum purpureum ha sido propuesto como materia prima potencial para la producción de biocombustible en el sur de Florida. Para limitar futuras invasiones de escapes en caña de azúcar y vegetales, la respuesta de plantas recién establecidas de P. purpureum a glyphosate, clethodim, sethoxydim, asulam y trifloxysulfuron fue determinada usando curvas de respuesta a dosis. Modelos Log-logísticos fueron usados para determinar la dosis de herbicida requerida para producir una reducción del crecimiento del 90% (GR90). Los valores de GR90 para la biomasa aérea a 21 d después del tratamiento (DAT) fueron 477 g ae ha−1 de glyphosate, 262 g ai ha−1 de clethodim, 381 g ai ha−1 de sethoxydim, 12 kg ai ha−1 de asulam y 94 g ai ha−1 de trifloxysulfuron. Los valores de GR90 para la biomasa radicular a 35 DAT fueron 570 g ae ha−1 de glyphosate, 257 g ai ha−1 de clethodim, 432 g ai ha−1 de sethoxydim, 17 kg ai ha−1 de asulam y 183 g ai ha−1 de trifloxysulfuron. Se predijo que P. purpureum exhibiría 97, 98, 75, 1 y 5% de mortalidad después de la aplicación de glyphosate, clethodim, sethoxydim, asulam y trifloxysulfuron, respectivamente, a las dosis de uso según las etiquetas a 35 DAT. Los resultados sugieren que glyphosate y clethodim brindarán control de plantas recién establecidas de P. purpureum a las dosis de uso según las etiquetas para aplicaciones localizadas y en vegetales, respectivamente. Dosis superiores a las de la etiqueta serán requeridas para que sethoxydim brinde control aceptable de plantas de P. purpureum recién establecidas en vegetales. Sin embargo, estas plantas no fueron controladas con asulam y trifloxysulfuron a las dosis de uso según las etiquetas, lo que implica que el control de escapes en caña de azúcar será difícil.

Keywords

Asulamclethodimglyphosatesethoxydimtrifloxysulfuronelephantgrass, Pennisetum purpureum Schumachsugarcane, Saccharum spp. hybridsBioenergybiofuelcontrolherbicidesinvasivepostemergence
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/AREAS
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 26 , Issue 4 , December 2012 , pp. 691 - 698
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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