Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T11:27:58.906Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Cultural Strategies Reduce Weed Densities in Summer Annual Crops

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Randy L. Anderson
Randy L. Anderson*
Affiliation:
Central Great Plains Research Station, Akron, CO 80720. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Producers in the central Great Plains are seeking alternative strategies to manage weeds because of herbicide resistance, narrow profit margins, and a lack of registered herbicides in some crops. Thus, we evaluated the impact of cultural systems in winter wheat and tillage on weed dynamics in corn, sunflower, and proso millet planted the year following wheat harvest. Weed seedling densities were 25 to 30% lower in a no-till system compared with minimum-till with a sweep plow. With no-till, cultural systems that produced more crop residue reduced weed densities an additional 15 to 30%, compared with the conventional system. Cultural system effect was eliminated in dry years and by tillage. Weed biomass was 10-fold less in proso millet than in corn. Crop residue management, critical for successful cropping in semiarid regions, also will help weed management by reducing weed density in summer annual crops, especially in no-till systems.

Keywords

Corn, Zea mays L.proso millet, Panicum miliaceum L.sunflower, Helianthus animus L.winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L., ‘TAM 107,’ ‘Lamar.’Crop residuepreventive strategiessystems approachtillage
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , June 1999 , pp. 314 - 319
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Anderson, R. L. 1994. Characterizing weed community seedling emergence for a semiarid site in Colorado. Weed Technol. 8:245–249.Google Scholar
Anderson, R. L. 1997. Cultural systems can reduce reproductive potential of winter annual grasses. Weed Technol. 11:608–613.Google Scholar
Anderson, R. L. 1998a. Seedling emergence of winter annual grasses as affected by limited tillage and crop canopy. Weed Technol. 12:262–267.Google Scholar
Anderson, R. L. 1998b. Designing rotations for a semiarid region. In Proceedings, 10th Annual Meeting, Colorado Conservation Tillage Association. Akron, CO. pp. 4–15.Google Scholar
Anderson, R. L., Bowman, R. A., Nielsen, D. C., Vigil, M. F., Aiken, R. M., and Benjamin, J. G. 1999. Alternative crop rotations for the central Great Plains. J. Prod. Agric. 12:95–99.Google Scholar
Crutchfield, D. A., Wicks, G. A., and Burnside, O. C. 1986. Effect of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw mulch on weed control. Weed Sci. 34:110–114.Google Scholar
Dhuyvetter, K. C., Thompson, C. R., Norwood, C. A., and Halvorson, A. D. 1996. Economics of dryland cropping systems in the Great Plains: a review. J. Prod. Agric. 9:216–222.Google Scholar
Egley, G. H. 1986. Stimulation of weed seed germination in soil. Rev. Weed Sci. 2:67–89.Google Scholar
Forcella, F., Westgate, M. E., and Warnes, D. D. 1992. Effect of row width on herbicide and cultivation requirements in row crops. Am. J. Altern. Agric. 7:161–167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Good, L. G. and Smika, D. E. 1978. Chemical fallow for soil and water conservation in the Great Plains. J. Soil Water Conserv. 33:89–90.Google Scholar
Gressel, J. 1992. Addressing real weed science needs with innovations. Weed Technol. 6:509–525.Google Scholar
Holt, J. S. and LeBaron, H. M. 1990. Significance and distribution of herbicide resistance. Weed Technol. 4:141–149.Google Scholar
Holtzer, T. O., Anderson, R. L., McMullen, M. P., and Peairs, F. B. 1996. Integrated pest management for insects, plant pathogens, and weeds in dryland cropping systems of the Great Plains. J. Prod. Agric. 9:200–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jordan, N. 1996. Weed prevention: priority research for alternative weed management. J. Prod. Agric. 9:485–490.Google Scholar
Lewis, W. J., van Lenteren, J. C., Phatak, S. C., and Tumlinson, J. H. 1997. A total system approach to sustainable pest management. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 94:12243–12248.Google Scholar
Lyon, D. J., Miller, S. D., and Wicks, G. A. 1996. The future of herbicides in weed control systems of the Great Plains. J. Prod. Agric. 9:209–215.Google Scholar
Maxwell, B. D., Roush, M. L., and Radosevich, S. R. 1990. Predicting the evolution and dynamics of herbicide resistance in weed populations. Weed Technol. 4:2–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peterson, G. A., Schegel, A. J., Tanaka, D. L., and Jones, O. R. 1996. Precipitation use efficiency as affected by cropping and tillage systems. J. Prod. Agric. 9:180–186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peterson, G. A., Westfall, D. G., and Cole, C. V. 1993. Agroecosystem approach to soil and crop management research. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 57:1354–1360.Google Scholar
Radosevich, S. R. and Ghersa, C. M. 1992. Weeds, crops, and herbicides: a modern-day “neckriddle.” Weed Technol. 6:788–795.Google Scholar
Smika, D. E. 1990. Fallow management practices for wheat production in the central Great Plains. Agron. J. 82:319–322.Google Scholar
Stott, D. E., Stroo, H. F., Elliott, L. F., Papendick, R. I., and Unger, P. W. 1990. Wheat residue loss from fields under no-till management. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 54:92–98.Google Scholar
Tanaka, D. L. 1986. Wheat residue loss for chemical and stubble-mulch fallow. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 50:434–440.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teasdale, J. R., Beste, C. E., and Potts, W. E. 1991. Response of weeds to tillage and cover crop residue. Weed Sci. 39:195–199.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R. and Mohler, C. L. 1993. Light transmittance, soil temperature, and soil moisture under residue of hairy vetch and rye. Agron. J. 85:673–680.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vander Vorst, P. B., Wicks, G. A., and Burnside, O. C. 1983. Weed control in a winter wheat–corn–ecofarming rotation. Agron. J. 75:507–511.Google Scholar
Wicks, G. A., Nordquist, P. T., Hanson, G. E., and Schmidt, J. W. 1994. Influence of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars on weed control in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Weed Sci. 42:27–34.Google Scholar
Zimdahl, R. L. 1980. The effect of competition duration. In Weed–Crop Competition: A Review. Corvallis, OR: International Plant Protection Center pp. 83–93.Google Scholar
Zorner, P. S., Zimdahl, R. L., and Schweizer, E. E. 1984. Effect of depth and duration of seed burial on kochia (Kochia scoparia). Weed Sci. 32:602–607.Google Scholar