Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T23:22:13.685Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Alachlor Movement Through Intact Soil Columns Taken From Two Tillage Systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Sharon A. Clay ,
William C. Koskinen  and
Paul Carlson
Sharon A. Clay
Affiliation:
Plant Sci. Dep., S. Dak. State Univ., Brookings, SD 57006
William C. Koskinen
Affiliation:
Soil and Water Res. Unit, USDA-Agric. Res. Serv., St. Paul, MN 55108
Paul Carlson
Affiliation:
Soil and Water Res. Unit, USDA-Agric. Res. Serv., St. Paul, MN 55108
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Intact soil columns were evaluated as a screening technique to determine the effect of tillage on herbicide movement through soil. Alachlor was applied at 3.3 kg ai ha-1 to intact surface 0- to 10-cm and subsurface 10- to 20-cm soil columns (15-cm diam) taken from long-term no-till and conventional tillage plots and leached with 11.6 pore volumes (7 L; 39 cm) of water at a rate that did not create ponding. Leachate was collected in 0.07 pore volume fractions. Twice as much alachlor leached from surface no-till than from surface conventional tillage columns. The differences in leaching patterns from the surface soil can be attributed to the effect of tillage on soil physical and chemical properties. Using intact soil columns in the laboratory can be a useful rapid screening technique to evaluate tillage impacts on herbicide movement.

Keywords

Alachlor, 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)acetamideHerbicide movement screening technique
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 5 , Issue 3 , September 1991 , pp. 485 - 489
Copyright
Copyright © 1991 Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Andreini, M. S. and Steenhuis, T. S. 1990. Preferential paths of flow under conventional and conservation tillage. Geoderma 46:85–102.Google Scholar
2. Clay, S. A. and Koskinen, W. C. 1990. Characterization of alachlor and atrazine desorption from soils. Weed Sci. 38:74–80.Google Scholar
3. Davidson, J. M. and Chang, R. K. 1972. Transport of picloram in relation to soil physical conditions and pore-water velocity. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 36:257–261.Google Scholar
4. Davidson, J. M. and Santelmann, P. W. 1968. Displacement of fluometuron and diuron through saturated glass beads and soil. Weed Sci. 16: 544–548.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Dekkers, W. A. and Barbera, F. 1977. Effect of aggregate size on leaching of herbicide in soil columns. Weed Res. 17:315–319.Google Scholar
6. Gertsl, Z. and Yaron, B. 1983. Behavior of bromacil and napropamide in soils: II. Distribution after application from a point source. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 47:478–483.Google Scholar
7. Hall, J. K., Murray, M. R., and Hartwig, N. L. 1989. Herbicide leaching and distribution in tilled and untilled soil. J. Environ. Qual. 18: 439–445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Isensse, A. R., Nash, R. G., and Helling, C. S. 1990. Effect of conventional vs. no-tillage on pesticide leaching to shallow-ground-water. J. Environ. Qual. 19:434–440.Google Scholar
9. Koskinen, W. C. and McWhorter, C. G. 1986. Weed control in conservation tillage. J. Soil Water Conserv. 41:365–370.Google Scholar
10. Lopez-Avila, V., Hirata, P., Kraska, S., Flanagan, M., Taylor, J. H. Jr., Hern, S. C., Melancon, S., and Pollard, J. 1986. Movement of selected pesticides and herbicides through columns of sandy loam, p. 311–328. In Garner, W. Y., Honeycott, R. C., and Nigg, H. N. (eds.) Evaluation of Pesticides in Ground Water. Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, DC.Google Scholar
11. Van Genuchten, M. T., Davidson, J. M., and Wierenga, P. J. 1974. An evaluation of kinetic and equilibrium equations for the prediction of pesticide movement through porous media. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 38: 29–35.Google Scholar
12. Weber, J. B. and Peter, C. J. 1982. Adsorption, bioactivity, and evaluation of soil tests for alachlor, acetochlor, and metolachlor. Weed Sci. 30:14–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Weber, J. B. and Whitacre, D. M. 1982. Mobility of herbicides in soil columns under saturated- and unsaturated-flow conditions. Weed Sci. 30:579–584.Google Scholar
14. White, R. E., Dyson, J. S., Gerstl, Z., and Yaron, B. 1986. Leaching of herbicides through undisturbed cores of a structured clay soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 50:277–283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Wierenga, P. J. and Van Genuchten, M. T. 1989. Solute transport through small and large unsaturated soil columns. Ground Water 27: 35–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Zins, A. B., Wyse, D. L., and Koskinen, W. C. 1991. Effect of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) roots on movement of atrazine and alachlor through soil. Weed Sci.: (in press).Google Scholar