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Weedy rice (Oryza spp.) diversity in southern Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 March 2021

Leonard Bonilla Piveta
Affiliation:
Former Graduate Student, Crop Protection Graduate Program, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; current: Program Associate, University of Arkansas
José Alberto Noldin*
Affiliation:
Weed Science Researcher, Epagri–Institution for Agricultural Research and Rural Extension for Santa Catarina State/Itajai Experimental Station, Brazil
Nilda Roma-Burgos*
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
Vívian Ebeling Viana
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Research Associate, Crop Protection Graduate Program, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
Lariza Benedetti
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Research Associate, Crop Protection Graduate Program, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
Jesus Juares Oliveira Pinto
Affiliation:
Emeritus Professor, Crop Protection Graduate Program, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
Fabiane Pinto Lamego
Affiliation:
Weed Researcher, Embrapa, Bagé, RS, Brazil; and Adjunct Professor, Crop Protection Graduate Program, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
Luis Antonio de Avila*
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Crop Protection Graduate Program, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
*
Authors for correspondence: José Alberto Noldin, Epagri - Rodovia Antônio Heil, 6800 - Itaipava, Itajaí - SC, 88318-112, Brazil (Email: [email protected]); Nilda Roma-Burgos, University of Arkansas, 1366 W. Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704 (Email: [email protected]); Luis Antonio de Avila, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, S/N, Capão do Leão - RS, 96160-000, Brazil. (Email: [email protected])
Authors for correspondence: José Alberto Noldin, Epagri - Rodovia Antônio Heil, 6800 - Itaipava, Itajaí - SC, 88318-112, Brazil (Email: [email protected]); Nilda Roma-Burgos, University of Arkansas, 1366 W. Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704 (Email: [email protected]); Luis Antonio de Avila, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, S/N, Capão do Leão - RS, 96160-000, Brazil. (Email: [email protected])
Authors for correspondence: José Alberto Noldin, Epagri - Rodovia Antônio Heil, 6800 - Itaipava, Itajaí - SC, 88318-112, Brazil (Email: [email protected]); Nilda Roma-Burgos, University of Arkansas, 1366 W. Altheimer Drive, Fayetteville, AR 72704 (Email: [email protected]); Luis Antonio de Avila, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, S/N, Capão do Leão - RS, 96160-000, Brazil. (Email: [email protected])

Abstract

Weedy rice (Oryza spp.) is one of the most troublesome weeds affecting rice (Oryza sativa L.) production in many countries. Weedy rice control is difficult in rice fields, because the weed and crop are phenotypically and morphologically similar. Weedy rice can be a source of genetic diversity for cultivated rice. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the morphological diversity of weedy rice in southern Brazil. Qualitative and quantitative traits of 249 accessions from eight rice-growing mesoregions in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and Santa Catarina (SC) states were analyzed. For each accession, 24 morphological descriptors (14 qualitative and 10 quantitative) were evaluated. All 249 accessions from RS and SC are of indica lineage. Considering all the phenotypic traits evaluated, the accessions separated into 14 distinct groups. One of the largest groups consisted of plants that were predominantly tall with green leaves, intermediate shattering, and variable flowering time. Distinct subgroups exist within larger clusters, showing discernible phenotypic diversity within the main clusters. The variability in flowering time was high (77 to 110 d after emergence), indicating high potential for flowering synchrony with rice cultivars and, consequently, gene flow. This indicates the need to remove escapes when planting herbicide-resistant rice. Thus, weedy rice populations in southern Brazil are highly diverse, and this diversity could result in variable response to weed management.

Type
Special Issue Article
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: William Vencill, University of Georgia

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