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Weed Suppression by Live and Desiccated Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

John R. Teasdale  and
Craig S. T. Daughtry
John R. Teasdale
Affiliation:
Weed Sci. Lab. and Remote Sensing Res. Lab., USDA-ARS. Beltsville. MD 20705
Craig S. T. Daughtry
Affiliation:
Weed Sci. Lab. and Remote Sensing Res. Lab., USDA-ARS. Beltsville. MD 20705
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Abstract

Hairy vetch was grown as a winter annual cover crop and evaluated for weed suppression when desiccated by paraquat or left alive until natural senescence in a 3-yr field experiment. Total weed density and biomass were variable in the desiccated hairy vetch treatment relative to a bare soil treatment but were consistently lower in the live hairy vetch treatment relative to the desiccated or bare soil treatments. An average of 87% of sites under live hairy vetch compared to 8% of sites under desiccated hairy vetch transmitted less than 1% of unobstructed sunlight. The red (660 nm) to far-red (730 nm) ratio of transmitted light was reduced by 70% under live hairy vetch compared to 17% under desiccated hairy vetch. Daily maximum soil temperature and diurnal soil temperature amplitude were reduced by live hairy vetch > desiccated hairy vetch > bare soil. Soil moisture content was greater under both live and desiccated hairy vetch compared to bare soil during droughty periods. Changes in light extinction, red to far-red ratio, and diurnal soil temperature amplitude were sufficient to explain greater weed suppression by live than desiccated hairy vetch.

Keywords

Paraquat, 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ionhairy vetch, Vicia villosa RothLight transmittancelight spectrumsoil temperaturesoil moisture
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 41 , Issue 2 , June 1993 , pp. 207 - 212
Copyright
Copyright © 1993 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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