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Weed Control in Cole Crops and Onion (Allium cepa) Using Ammonium Nitrate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Iris Bitterlich ,
Mahesh K. Upadhyaya  and
Solomon I. Shibairo
Iris Bitterlich
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4, Canada
Mahesh K. Upadhyaya
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4, Canada
Solomon I. Shibairo
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Abstract

Weed control in cole crops and onion by postemergence spraying with liquid ammonium nitrate was studied to determine its feasibility under Fraser Valley, British Columbia conditions. Ammonium nitrate solutions (7.5, 10, 15 and 20% N) were applied at 800 L ha−1 on warm, sunny days. Shepherd's-purse, low cudweed, redroot pigweed and ladysthumb were susceptible to this treatment; common lambsquarters, common purslane and annual bluegrass were tolerant. In order to determine the effect of weed density on weed control, several shepherd's-purse densities were established in broccoli and sprayed with ammonium nitrate solution (20% N; 800 L ha−1). Two days after treatment, weed control was 87.2% for an initial density of 500 shepherd's-purse plants m−2 (1987) and 76.1% for an initial density of 988 plants m−2 (1988). The seedlings that survived the treatment were sufficiently set back that they did not cause any adverse effect on crop yield. In a separate study, cabbage and onion were found to be tolerant to the ammonium nitrate treatment. Initially, cauliflower, broccoli and Brussels sprouts growth was slightly inhibited by the ammonium nitrate treatment but the plants recovered and crop yield was not affected.

Keywords

Annual bluegrass, Poa annua L. ♯ POAANcommon chickweed, Stellaria media (L.) Vill. ♯ STEMElow cudweed, Gnaphalium uliginosum L. ♯ GNAULshepherd's-purse, Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. ♯ CAPBAcommon lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. ♯ CHEALcommon groundsel, Senecio vulgaris L. ♯ SENVUcommon purslane, Portulaca oleracea L. ♯ POROLredroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus L. ♯ AMAREladysthumb, Polygonum persicaria L. ♯ POLPEbroccoli, Brassica oleracea L. var. italicaBrussels sprouts, B. oleracea var. gemmiferacabbage, B. oleracea var. capitatacauliflower, B. oleracea var. botrytisonion, Allium cepa.
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 44 , Issue 4 , December 1996 , pp. 952 - 958
Copyright
Copyright © 1996 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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