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Tolerance and Selectivity of Cereal Species and Cultivars to Postemergence Weed Harrowing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jesper Rasmussen ,
Helle H. Nielsen  and
Hanne Gundersen
Jesper Rasmussen*
Affiliation:
The University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Agriculture and Ecology, H⊘jbakkegaard Allé 9, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark
Helle H. Nielsen
Affiliation:
The University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Agriculture and Ecology, H⊘jbakkegaard Allé 9, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark
Hanne Gundersen
Affiliation:
The University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Agriculture and Ecology, H⊘jbakkegaard Allé 9, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

POST weed harrowing and other cultivation methods to control weeds in early crop growth stages may result in crop damage due to low selectivity between crop and weeds. Crop tolerance to cultivation plays an important role but it has not been clearly defined and analyzed. We introduce a procedure for analyzing crop tolerance on the basis of digital image analysis. Crop tolerance is defined as the ability of the crop to avoid yield loss from cultivation in the absence of weeds, and it has two components: resistance and recovery. Resistance is the ability of the crop to resist soil covering and recovery is the ability to recover from it. Soil covering is the percentage of the crop that has been buried because of cultivation. We analyzed data from six field experiments, four experiments with species of small grains, barley, oat, wheat, and triticale, and two experiments with barley cultivars with different abilities to suppress weeds. The order of species' tolerance to weed harrowing was triticale > wheat > barley > oat and the differences were mainly caused by different abilities to recover from soil covering. At 25% soil covering, grain yield loss in triticale was 0.5%, in wheat 2.5%, in barley 3.7%, and in oat 6.5%. Tolerance, resistance, and recovery, however, were influenced by year, especially for oat and barley. There was no evidence of differences between barley cultivars in terms of tolerance indicating that differences among species are more important than differences among cultivars. Selectivity analysis made it possible to calculate the crop yield loss due to crop damage associated with a certain percentage of weed control. In triticale, 80% weed control was associated with 22% crop soil cover on average, which reduced grain yield 0.4% on average in the absence of weeds. Corresponding values for wheat, barley, and oat were 23, 21, and 20% crop soil cover and 2.3, 3.6, and 5.1% grain yield loss.

Keywords

Barley, Hordeum vulgare L.oat, Avena sativa L.wheat, Triticum aestivum L.triticale, x Triticosecale.Mechanical weed controlphysical weed controlcultivationtillage
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 57 , Issue 3 , June 2009 , pp. 338 - 345
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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